30-Day spexin treatment of mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) increases insulin sensitivity, improves liver functions and metabolic status

Kołodziejski, Paweł; Leciejewska, Natalia; Chmurzyńska, Agata; Sassek, Maciej; Szczepankiewicz, Aleksandra; Szczepankiewicz, Dawid; Małek, Emilian; Strowski, Mathias Z.; Chęcińska-Maciejewska, Zuzanna; Nowak, Krzysztof W.; Pruszyńska‐Oszmałek, Ewa

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111420

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For instance, circulating SPX levels are increased in response to physical exercise in obese subjects with and without T2DM (Khadir et al, 2020) and are elevated over time in women with prediabetes but not in males undergoing a 6-month lifestyle intervention regimen (Al-Daghri et al, 2019). SPX is a novel neuropeptide secreted from several organs and has a crucial role in regulating appetite, energy metabolism, and glucose/lipid metabolism (Walewski, Ge, Lobdell, et al, 2014; Kolodziejski et al, 2021). Our results showed that regular exercise training regardless of training types has increased SPX levels in T2DM people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This might be due to reduced body weight, food intake, and changes in neuropeptides and endocrine hormones such as appetite hormones (Shin et al, 2003; Zhang & Bi, 2018; Pruszynska-Oszmalek et al, 2020). SPX injection reduced serum leptin level in T2DM and obese mice and enhanced adiponectin secretion (Kolodziejski et al, 2021). These data show that SPX ameliorates metabolic abnormalities linked to obesity and T2DM by directly affecting adipose tissue endocrine functions; nevertheless, further research is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Exercise Training on Spexin Level, Appetite, Lipid Accumulation Product, Visceral Adiposity Index, and Body Composition in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Mohammadi

Bijeh

Moazzami

et al. 2021

Biological Research For Nursing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To compare the effects of resistance and aerobic training (RT and AT) on spexin (SPX), appetite, lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and body composition in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six T2DM men were randomized to receive RT ( n = 12), AT ( n = 12), or to act as a non-exercise control (CON, n = 12) 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Results: SPX was increased after both RT and AT (66.2% and 46.5%, respectively). VAI, LAP, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were reduced in both groups, while quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (Quicki) and McAuley’s indexes were increased following both interventions. However, the increases of both hunger and PFC in the RT group were greater than those of the AT. Moreover, the improvement of upper-body strength (41% vs. 10.3%) and lower-body strength (42.2% vs. 20.5%) in the RT group was greater than those of the AT. Conclusion: Our investigation shows that regardless of the modes of the regimen, a 12-week exercise intervention with RT and AT can effectively induce a significant improvement in SPX levels, appetite, LAP, VAI, and body composition in adults with T2DM.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Exercise Training on Spexin Level, Appetite, Lipid Accumulation Product, Visceral Adiposity Index, and Body Composition in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Mohammadi

Bijeh

Moazzami

et al. 2021

Biological Research For Nursing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We thought that SPX might affect the differentiation of muscle cells due to many similar metabolism features of 3T3-L1 and C2C12 myoblasts. It has been indicated in the literature concerning SPX that SPX is involved in the regulation of fat and carbohydrate metabolism in many peripheral tissues [ 4 , 7 , 32 , 33 ]; therefore, we assumed that the metabolism of skeletal muscle, as one of the largest consumers of both carbohydrates and lipids, could be regulated by SPX. We found that SPX stimulated the mRNA and protein expression of differentiation markers, which confirmed that this peptide accelerates the differentiation process of C2C12 myoblasts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our research was also inspired by the results of an in vivo experiment which showed that the 30-day administration of SPX in obese mice increased the levels of lean tissue in these animals, which also suggested that SPX is able to increase muscle mass [ 32 ]. However, what is interesting is that this effect was only observed in obese mice, not in those that were healthy or diabetic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spexin Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Cells In Vitro—The Effect of Exercise on SPX and SPX Receptor Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vivo

Leciejewska

Pruszyńska‐Oszmałek

Mielnik

et al. 2021

Genes

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SPX (spexin) and its receptors GalR2 and GalR3 (galanin receptor subtype 2 and galanin receptor subtype 3) play an important role in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in human and animal fat tissue. However, little is still known about the role of this peptide in the metabolism of muscle. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of SPX on the metabolism, proliferation and differentiation of the skeletal muscle cell line C2C12. Moreover, we determined the effect of exercise on the SPX transduction pathway in mice skeletal muscle. We found that increased SPX, acting via GalR2 and GalR3 receptors, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation stimulated the proliferation of C2C12 cells (p < 0.01). We also noted that SPX stimulated the differentiation of C2C12 by increasing mRNA and protein levels of differentiation markers Myh, myogenin and MyoD (p < 0.01). SPX consequently promoted myoblast fusion into the myotubule (p < 0.01). Moreover, we found that, in the first stage (after 2 days) of myocyte differentiation, GalR2 and GalR3 were involved, whereas in the last stage (day six), the effect of SPX was mediated by the GalR3 isoform. We also noted that exercise stimulated SPX and GalR2 expression in mice skeletal muscle as well as an increase in SPX concentration in blood serum. These new insights may contribute to a better understanding of the role of SPX in the metabolism of skeletal muscle.

show abstract

“…13 Moreover, both healthy and DIO mice treated with SPX had lower body mass than their non-treated counterparts. 11 SPX also decreased fat tissue mass in healthy, DIO and T2D mice and increased lean mass only in DIO mice. 11 In addition, short- and long-term SPX treatment decreased body weight and body mass index (BMI) in rats treated with high-fructose and HFF diets.…”

Section: Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 87%

Impact of spexin on metabolic diseases and inflammation: An updated minireview

Türkel

Memi

Yazgan

2022

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spexin (SPX) is a 14 amino acid length peptide hormone which was discovered using bioinformatic tools. It is extensively expressed in central and peripheral tissues and secreted into circulation in response to metabolic stress. Recent studies revealed that SPX acts as a multifunctional peptide in various metabolic processes such as body weight, food intake, energy balance, glucose and lipid metabolism, lipid storage, salt–water balance, and arterial blood pressure. Endogenous SPX is sensitive to metabolic changes, and circulating levels of SPX have been shown to be reduced in chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance. Moreover, in fish and rodent models, systemic SPX treatment has positive effects on metabolism including reduced food intake, fat mass, lipid accumulation, and inflammation, improved insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and organ functions which are underlying mechanisms in diseases. Taken together, these findings suggest that SPX is a potential drug target for the development of new pharmacological strategies to cure metabolic diseases. This review focuses on metabolo-protective properties of SPX and discusses novel insights into the biology and mechanism of SPX in the pathogenesis of diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and kidney diseases, which are considerable global health problems.

show abstract

30-Day spexin treatment of mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) increases insulin sensitivity, improves liver functions and metabolic status

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of Exercise Training on Spexin Level, Appetite, Lipid Accumulation Product, Visceral Adiposity Index, and Body Composition in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Effect of Exercise Training on Spexin Level, Appetite, Lipid Accumulation Product, Visceral Adiposity Index, and Body Composition in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Spexin Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Cells In Vitro—The Effect of Exercise on SPX and SPX Receptor Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vivo

Impact of spexin on metabolic diseases and inflammation: An updated minireview

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About