Effect of Exercise Training on Spexin Level, Appetite, Lipid Accumulation Product, Visceral Adiposity Index, and Body Composition in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Objective To compare the effects of resistance and aerobic training (RT and AT) on spexin (SPX), appetite, lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and body composition in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six T2DM men were randomized to receive RT ( n = 12), AT ( n = 12), or to act as a non-exercise control (CON, n = 12) 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Results: SPX was increased after both RT and AT (66.2% and 46.5%, respectively). VAI, LAP, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were reduced in both groups, while quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (Quicki) and McAuley’s indexes were increased following both interventions. However, the increases of both hunger and PFC in the RT group were greater than those of the AT. Moreover, the improvement of upper-body strength (41% vs. 10.3%) and lower-body strength (42.2% vs. 20.5%) in the RT group was greater than those of the AT. Conclusion: Our investigation shows that regardless of the modes of the regimen, a 12-week exercise intervention with RT and AT can effectively induce a significant improvement in SPX levels, appetite, LAP, VAI, and body composition in adults with T2DM.

Effect of acute resistance exercise on bone turnover in young adults before and after concurrent resistance and interval training

“…Osteocalcin may also have exercise‐related effects beyond bone mineralization, such as glucose metabolism, that can impact concentrations (Moser & van der Eerden, 2018). Following 12 weeks of resistance + interval training, osteocalcin concentrations were increased from baseline (main effect training), which is consistent with a recent meta‐analysis that reported increases in concentrations following combined aerobic + resistance exercise training (Mohammadi et al., 2022). Results of this investigation add important information to the limited data available regarding the effect of resistance exercise on P1NP and osteocalcin.…”

Spexin Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Cells In Vitro—The Effect of Exercise on SPX and SPX Receptor Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vivo

“…Having material collected from animals from another project in which animals were subjected to physical exercise, we asked ourselves whether physical exercise could affect the expression of SPX. We were also prompted by the publications of Khadir et al and Mohammadi et al, in which the authors showed that SPX can be a good marker of the effect of exercise on obese and diabetic people [ 39 , 40 ]. We noted that exercise increased the concentration of SPX in mice and increased the SPX mRNA level in skeletal muscle in mice, which also indirectly confirmed that SPX could be a regulator of skeletal muscle metabolism in vivo.…”

Circulating Spexin Is Associated with Body Mass Index and Fat Mass but Not with Physical Activity and Psychological Parameters in Women across a Broad Body Weight Spectrum

“…Additionally, SPX might be associated only with voluntary PA, or only in obesity but not in AN and, therefore, might not be associated with the hyperactivity observed in patients with AN. It could also be speculated that the intensity of daily PA, as captured in our study by measuring steps per day, does not increase circulating SPX levels, as in exercise training as reported in men with type 2 diabetes might [ 49 ].…”