A clinical correlation of conjunctival microangiopathy with grades of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Khan, Mubeen; Katta, Manasa; Gurunadh, V.S.; Moulick, P.S.; Gupta, Sandeep; Sati, Alok

doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2017.01.005

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Cheung et al 7 used CAIM and found that microvascular abnormality severity index was associated with HbA1c levels in T1DM. Based on previous studies 13 , 15 , 23 , 25 , 26 , impairment of vascular barrier function and deposition of hemosiderin resulted in abnormal perivascular color. Changes in the conjunctival vessels of diabetes patients include thickening of vascular wall, abnormal perivascular color, morphological distortion, microaneurysms, abnormal A/V ratio, slower blood flow, etc., which are generally difficult to be detected by eyes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Early detection is crucial for decreasing the risk of disease progression and improving prognosis. Previous studies have found that conjunctival abnormalities occur earlier than retinal abnormalities in patients with diabetes 14 , 23 . This has been further confirmed by the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Specifically, based on previous observation of diabetic conjunctiva (e.g., Ditzel 13 , Khan 14 , and Khansari 15 , Shahidi 16 , our experience, and the characteristics of conjunctival images, our models are designed in the deep network to answer four groups of sub-questions related to diabetic conjunctival abnormalities, and then the results of these sub-problems are integrated for the final judgment of diabetes. This algorithm can overcome data insufficiency and is sufficiently accurate compared with traditional models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying diabetes from conjunctival images using a novel hierarchical multi-task network

Xia

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Diabetes can cause microvessel impairment. However, these conjunctival pathological changes are not easily recognized, limiting their potential as independent diagnostic indicators. Therefore, we designed a deep learning model to explore the relationship between conjunctival features and diabetes, and to advance automated identification of diabetes through conjunctival images. Images were collected from patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy volunteers. A hierarchical multi-tasking network model (HMT-Net) was developed using conjunctival images, and the model was systematically evaluated and compared with other algorithms. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the HMT-Net model to identify diabetes were 78.70%, 69.08%, and 75.15%, respectively. The performance of the HMT-Net model was significantly better than that of ophthalmologists. The model allowed sensitive and rapid discrimination by assessment of conjunctival images and can be potentially useful for identifying diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying diabetes from conjunctival images using a novel hierarchical multi-task network

Xia

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…According to WHO statistics, mortality from vascular complications has increased from 21.2% to 77% over the past 90 years [17]. Medico-social problem of DM is caused by early disability and mortality of patients due to specifi c complications, such as microangiopathy (nephropathy, retinopathy), macroangiopathy (myocardial infarction, stroke, gangrene of the lower extremities), neuropathy, as well as sexual dysfunction [1,7]. Hyperglycemia leads to oxidative stress and the formation of reactive oxygen species, which can cause decreased testosterone levels, changes in the structure of the seminal tubules, impaired spermatogenesis which can lead to male infertility [10,18].…”

Section: Age Peculiarities Of Morphological Changes Of Vessels Of Testicular Hemomicrocirculatory Flow In Streptozotocin Diabetes Mellitumentioning

confidence: 99%

Age features of morphological changes of vessels of testicular hemomicrocirculatory flow in streptozotocin diabetes mellitus

Kondrat

2021

Arch. clin. med.

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Medico-social problem of diabetes is caused by early disability and mortality of patients due to specific complications of micro- and macroangiopathies. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish morphological changes in vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testes of immature rats with experimental streptozotocin diabetes mellitus (SDM). The material for the study were the testicles of 20 two-month-old immature (weighing 65-95 g) white outbred male rats, which were divided equally into 2 groups: experimental and control ones. SDM in animals of the experimental group was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer solution with a pH of 4.5) at a dose of 7 mg per 100 g of mass. The control group of animals received intraperitoneally an equivalent dose of 0.1 M citrate buffer. Histological, electron microscopic, biochemical, morphometric and statistical research methods were used. It was found that in the early stages of SDM (14th day) on the background of hyperglycemia in the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testes there is a spasm of the vessels of the afferent link, which is confirmed by a decrease in the area of arterioles lumen and an increase in their VI. On the 56th day of SDM, on the background of elevated levels of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the links of the hemorrhagic circulatory flow of the testes there are initial signs of diabetic microangiopathy, manifested by: hemorheological disorders in micro-hemo-vessels (erythrocyte sludges, adhesion of erythrocytes and platelets, microclasmatosis), decreased capacity of arterioles and capillaries (increase in VI, respectively by 1.2 and 1.9 times), microclasmatosis, thickening and proliferation of the basement membrane of capillaries. Thus, on the 56th day of SDM in the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testes, the development of diabetic microangiopathy is observed, which leads to the disruption of the blood-testis barrier, and as a consequence, to a violation of spermatogenesis.

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“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes great socio-economic damage, which is determined by medical expenses and expenditure on social security to patients due to invalidity and loss of labour capacity [1,2]. More than 1 million patients with DM are registered in Ukraine, but the actual number of people with undiagnosed pathology exceeds this figure by 3-4 times [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Apoptosis in Parvocellular Nuclei of Hypothalamus in Diabetes Mellitus

Zhurakivska

Zherdova

Oliinyk

et al. 2021

PEP

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes great socio-economic damage, which is determined by medical expenses and expenditure on social security to patients due to invalidity and loss of labour capacity. Researchers are studying the role of hypothalamic neuropeptides and their involvement in the regulation of pancreatic islet function. In view of the above, the aim of our study was to establish the features of morphofunctional changes in the arcuate nucleus (AN) and ventromedial nucleus (VN) of the hypothalamus in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (SIDM). Histological, immunohistochemical, electron-microscopic, biochemical and statistical research methods were used. Polymorphic changes were noted in AN and VN at early stages of development of SIDM (on the 14th day). In AN, the area of neurons and their nuclei became larger, the numerical density of dark functionally more active neurons increased, and dinuclear light neuroendocrine cells (NC) appeared. In light and dark NCs of AN, there was a significant increase in the bulk density of neurosecretory granules – by 2-4 times compared with the control, in VN – by 1.2-2 times. Such morphofunctional changes in parvocellular nuclei of the hypothalamus and the increase in the bulk density of neurosecretory granules in their NCs indicate boosted synthesis of neurohormones which directly affect the adenohypophysis and improving functional activity of NCs in AN and VN. On the 70th day of SIDM in AN and VN of the hypothalamus, there was a decrease in the numerical density of neurons due to light NC and increase in the numerical density of vacuolated, dark pycnomorphic and apoptotic neurons. The apoptotic index in the studied nuclei of the hypothalamus increased by 2-4 times compared with the control. The area of the profile field of NC increased and the area of nuclei decreased, which led to the reduced nuclear-cytoplasmic index and indicated a decrease in their functional activity and was confirmed by a decrease in the bulk density of neurosecretory granules in NC by 1.9-2.1 times in AN and by 2.7-4.7 times in VN. At the ultrastructural level, pronounced destructive processes such as vacuolar dystrophy, development of satelliteosis and neuronophagia were observed in light NCs. Thus, prolonged hyperglycemia in SIDM in parvocellular nuclei of the hypothalamus causes neuronal death to a lesser extent due to apoptosis, and to a greater extentdue due to hydropic dystrophy and colliquative necrosis, especially in the long term of the experiment (on the 70th day), and leads to the development of diabetic neuroendocrinopathy.

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A clinical correlation of conjunctival microangiopathy with grades of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract: A positive correlation was seen between conjunctival vessel width and tortuosity with severity of retinopathy. Widths over 80 μ and tortuous segment length over 900 μ are suggestive of severe grades of retinopathy.

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Identifying diabetes from conjunctival images using a novel hierarchical multi-task network

Identifying diabetes from conjunctival images using a novel hierarchical multi-task network

Age features of morphological changes of vessels of testicular hemomicrocirculatory flow in streptozotocin diabetes mellitus

Evidence of Apoptosis in Parvocellular Nuclei of Hypothalamus in Diabetes Mellitus

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