Protective Effects of Intralipid and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Nephrotoxicity Caused by Dichlorvos in Rats

Abstract

The protective effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) and intralipid (IL) on nephrotoxicity caused by acute Dichlorvos (D) toxicity were investigated in this study. Forty-eight Wistar Albino rats were divided into 7 groups as follows: Control, D, CAPE, intralipid, D + CAPE, D + IL, and D + CAPE + IL. When compared to D group, the oxidative stress index (OSI) values were significantly lower in Control, CAPE, and D + IL + CAPE groups. When compared to D + IL + CAPE group, the TOS and OSI values were significantly higher in D group (P < 0.05). When mitotic cell counts were assessed in the renal tissues, it was found that mitotic cell count was significantly higher in the D group while it was lower in the D + CAPE, D + IL, and D + IL + CAPE groups when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Also, immune reactivity showed increased apoptosis in D group and low profile of apoptosis in the D + CAPE group when compared to the Control group. The apoptosis level was significantly lower in D + IL + CAPE compared to D group (P < 0.05) in the kidneys. As a result, we concluded that Dichlorvos can be used either alone or in combination with CAPE and IL as supportive therapy or as facilitator for the therapeutic effect of the routine treatment in the patients presenting with pesticide poisoning.

The effects of CAPE on oxidative stress and histopathological values in rats treated with subacute dichlorvos

“…There was an interaction between CAPE treatment and PON1 activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) for poisoning of dichlorvos which is an organo-phosphate compound. A great majority of the related studies involve animal researches (Alp et al, 2016;Celik et al, 2015;Kaur et al, 2007;Mutlu et al, 2011;El-Raof Mohammad et al, 2014).…”

Attenuating effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester with intralipid on hepatotoxicity of chlorpyrifos in the case of rats

“…Organophosphates may induce injuries in various organs and cells [3,[7][8][9]24]. The exhibited histopathological changes due to the CPF induced liver toxicity were attenuated by the CAPE and CAPE+IL treatment, but not by exclusively the IL treatment.…”

“…The data of the TOC is expressed as mmol H 2 O 2 equivalent/l for plasma. The calculation of the oxidative stress index (OSI) was made by the percent ratio of the TOC to the TAC (OSI (arbitrary unit) = TOC (mmol H 2 O 2 equivalent/l)/TAC (mmol Trolox equivalent/l)) [9].…”

“…Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is known to have neuroprotective, hepato-protective, and cardio-protective activities with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects [11,12,29], and the ILE has become a focus of interest in the treatment of lipophilic drug toxicities [15]. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester and the CAPE+IL have been reported to be effective in attenuating the renal toxicity induced by dichlorvos that is an OP compound [9]. In this study, the CAPE and CAPE+IL treatment provided a significant increase in the plasma TAC levels against the CPF induced liver toxicity.…”

“…Toxic clinical signs induced by OP poisonings may also develop through the occurrence of oxidative stress [5,6]. Several studies have reported that OP compounds may cause various organ injuries and oxidative stress [3,[7][8][9].…”