18-Des-hydroxy Cytochalasin: an antiparasitic compound of Diaporthe phaseolorum-92C, an endophytic fungus isolated from Combretum lanceolatum Pohl ex Eichler

Abstract

Chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract from the endophytic fungus Diaporthe phaseolorum-92C (92C) isolated from the roots of Combretum lanceolatum led to the isolation of 18-des-hydroxy Cytochalasin H (compound 1). The trypanocidal and schistosomicidal activity and cytotoxicity of the extract from 92C were evaluated. The schistosomicidal, leishmanicidal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant actions, as well as the antitumor activity against the breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, and the cytotoxicity towards normal human lung fibroblasts GM07492A of compound 1 was tested. The extract from 92C (20 μg/mL) exerted potent trypanocidal activity, reducing 82% of the number of amastigotes and trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi. Compound 1 at 50 μg/mL killed 50% of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. Compound 1 reduced the viability of Leishmania amazonenses promastigotes (IC = 9.2 μg/mL) and of the cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 (IC = 17.5 and 8.88 μg/mL, respectively), presented moderate antioxidant activity, and gave IC of 2049.7 ± 39.9 μg/mL for the cytotoxicity towards normal cells GM07492A. This knowledge is highly relevant to the search for new promising compounds for therapeutic purposes.

Study on Experimental Leishmanicidal Activity and in silico of Cytochalasin B

“…Several classes of natural products have demonstrated activity against protozoa of Leishmania, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, lactones, lignans, flavonoids, coumarins, among others. 20,21 Brissow et al 22 reports the activity of cytochalasin H against promastigotes of L. amazonensis. Based on this information, the leishmanicidal assays with cytochalasin B (1) were performed.…”

Diversity of cultivable fungal endophytes in Paullinia cupana (Mart.) Ducke and bioactivity of their secondary metabolites

“…Several functional traits such as synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes and indole acetic acid are related to the protection against phytopathogens, plant growth promotion and resistance to environmental stress, which are relevant for their multiple applications in agriculture [ 42 – 44 ]. The same is true for natural products synthesized by endophytes, which have important applications in human health [ 45 – 50 ]. There is a strong demand for new and more effective antibiotics and anticancer drugs, which can be synthesized by endophytes [ 51 – 54 ].…”

Leishmanicidal, cytotoxic, antimicrobial and enzymatic activities of Diaporthe species, a mangrove-isolated endophytic fungus

“…Endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove ecosystems, including fungi belonging to the genus Diaporthe, have been described as rich sources of biologically active compounds with a variety of applications (Lin et al, 2005;Huang et al, 2008;Sebastianes et al, 2012;Brissow et al, 2017;de Medeiros et al, 2018;Huang et al, 2019), opening new avenues for biotechnological research. In this study, we evaluated the biotechnological potential of crude extract from Diaporthe spp.…”