Sediment delivery ratio in a small semi-arid watershed under conditions of low connectivity

Santos, Júlio César Neves dos; Andrade, Eunice Maia de; Palácio, Helba Araújo de Queiroz; Neto, José Osório do Nascimento

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20170006

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Gilbués badlands, thus, yield almost 30 times more sediment than the average Brazilian dryland basins. Dos Santos et al (2017) studied three preserved micro basins (1.5 ha on average) in the Brazilian semiarid region during 3 years, where sediment yield is 1.6 Mg ha −1 yr −1 , only 1.5% of that measured in Gilbués. Vaezi, Abbasi, et al (2017) monitored 20 micro basins (1–3 ha) in semiarid Northwestern Iran, where the sediment yield ranged from 0.3 to 14.8 Mg ha −1 yr −1 and averaged 5.0 Mg ha −1 yr −1 , similar to the rate in semiarid Northeastern Brazil and only 4.6% the value of Gilbués.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the erosion rate continuously surpasses tolerance for long periods, there is the risk of surmounting the trigger point and generating difficult to reverse processes that lead to desertification, especially in drylands (Meloni, Nakamura, Granzotti, & Martinez, 2019). Despite the existence of consistent recent works about erosive processes in the Brazilian drylands (de Araújo et al, 2006; Dos Santos, Andrade, Medeiros, Palácio, & Araújo Neto, 2017; Farias et al, 2019; Mamede, Araújo, Schneider, de Araújo, & Herrmann, 2012; Zhang et al, 2016), there is still a lack of information, mainly with regards to in situ measured data. This knowledge is necessary to understand the fundamental processes and to establish conservation policies (Zhao, Kondolf, et al, 2017) both for the present‐day situation, as well as for global‐change scenarios (Gaiser, Krol, Frischkorn, & de Araújo, 2003; Panagos et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erosion at hillslope and micro‐basin scales in the Gilbués desertification region, Northeastern Brazil

et al. 2020

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With an area of 6,200 km2, the Gilbués badlands region in the Brazilian drylands is the largest desertification site in the Country. It is located upstream the Boa Esperança Hydroelectric Power Plant and is contiguous to an important Brazilian agricultural area. However, primary quantitative data on erosive processes are scarce or nonexistent. We analyzed on‐site data (2018–2019) concerning small‐scale (hillslope and micro basin) processes: inter‐rill gross erosion, vegetation coverage factor, sediment yield, and sediment delivery ratio. We measured gross erosion in four hillslopes using metal pins; rainfall erosivity using an automatic meteorological station; soil erodibility; and siltation of five check‐dams that control micro basins (101–103 m2) by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Gross erosion (102 Mg ha−1 yr−1; 7.5 mm yr−1) is up to 100‐fold the regional mean value and up to 45‐times the tolerable soil‐loss reference value (0.17 mm yr−1), showing that degradation still evolves. Sparse small vegetation directly exposes two thirds of the soil, with a high vegetation factor (0.90). The sediment delivery ratio of the micro basins is 0.88, compatible with low (12%) sediment‐deposition pattern at this scale. The Maner delivery‐ratio model mimicked field observation, which indicates that relief is the key element influencing sediment deposition there. The check‐dam effectiveness considerably decreased after the first decade of operation due to high siltation rates. Although the Gilbués badland occupies only 5% of the basin upstream of the power plant, it contributes 32% of the sediment load to reservoir and dam. This shows the relevance of the badland restoration for the regional sustainability of water and energy supply.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion at hillslope and micro‐basin scales in the Gilbués desertification region, Northeastern Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…Esta análise vai ao encontro de outras avaliações de conectividade realizadas em ambientes secos do Nordeste brasileiro. A predominância das baixas conectividades nas encostas em ambientes pedimentares são características do semiárido nordestino, havendo a possibilidade de aumento quando muda o uso da terra, especialmente com a remoção da vegetação e a expansão do uso agrícola Pinheiro, 2013;Brierley, 2016;Santos et al, 2017). Bem como, a variação da conectividade nas áreas de contato com as áreas elevadas do Planalto da Borborema, na qual as áreas de escarpa da transição pedimento/topo apresentam conectividade muito alta, com a ocorrência de afloramentos rochosos e solos rasos, e as áreas de topo plano apresentam conectividade muito baixa, com a presença de solos profundos mais desenvolvidos e maior potencial agrícola Brierley, 2016).…”

Section: Figura 4 -Mapa De Cobertura Da Terraunclassified

Conectividade de sedimentos na Bacia Hidrográfica Riacho do Tigre, ambiente semiárido no município de São João do Tigre-PB

Franco

Souza

2019

GEOUSP (Online)

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O presente artigo visa analisar a conectividade da paisagem da Bacia Hidrográfica do Riacho do Tigre, a partir de uma análise quantitativa de índice de conectividade de sedimentos. A bacia está localizada no município de São João do Tigre-PB e está posta em um ambiente semiárido, apresentando apenas riachos intermitentes e efêmeros. O índice de conectividade utiliza informações topográficas, hidrológicas e de uso da terra para identificar o potencial de conectividade de sedimento. Portanto, as porções mais centrais, ao norte e nordeste da bacia apresentam conectividade entre intermediária, baixa e muito baixa. Nas bordas da bacia, em especial na porção sudeste, encontram-se os índices de conectividade mais elevados, cujas áreas apresentam maiores declividades e elevadas altitudes, corroborando para uma maior produção de sedimentos. Por fim, é importante compreender que alguns aspectos controlam o índice de conectividade, como por exemplo, o uso e ocupação da terra, a declividade e a altitude.

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“…In December and January, even though crops were already established, greater rainfall led to high water losses in the crop plots, most likely a consequence of antecedent soil moisture (Bracken et al, 2008;Medeiros et al, 2014;Santos et al, 2017). Hence, support practices, such as terracing, should be encouraged to reduce surface runoff.…”

Section: Rev Bras Cienc Solo 2018;42:e0170081mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Among Crop Systems, Soil Cover, and Water Erosion on a Typic Hapludox

Lima

Silva

Quinton

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Several soil conservation practices are used to reduce water erosion and ensure sustainable agriculture. An effective crop management practice is intercropping, in which two or more crops with different architectures and vegetative cycles are grown simultaneously in the same area. We hypothesized that intercropping of corn and jack-bean increases soil cover and reduce soil erosion by water in comparison to monocropping. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different crop systems on soil cover and on soil erosion by water. Soil and water losses from a Typic Hapludox were measured under the following systems: corn cultivation (CO), jack-bean cultivation (JB), intercropping of corn and jack-bean (IC), and bare soil (BS), as a reference for maximum erosion rates. For each crop system, erosion plots with dimensions of 12 × 4 m were set up in the field on a 0.12 m m -1 slope gradient. The experiment was carried out under natural rainfall, over three crop seasons (November to March) from 2011 to 2014. The soil cover index of the systems was monitored during crop growth, and rainfall erosivity for the crop seasons was calculated according to the EI 30 index to interpret soil and water losses. A set of linear mixed models was fitted to relate soil losses to rainfall erosivity, crop systems, and soil cover. The average rainfall erosivity in the study area was 6,132 MJ mm ha -1 h -1 per crop season. The results indicate that water losses are directly related to erosivity and are less influenced by soil cover and cultivation systems than the soil losses. A linear maximum value of the soil cover index was achieved 70 days after sowing. Intercropping exhibited greater soil cover than single crops. Total soil losses from the three seasons display the trend: BS > CO > JB > IC. The best fitted model of the linear mixed models indicates that soil loss responses are strongly correlated with rainfall erosivity and soil cover, which nullified the influence of the crop systems in the model.

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Sediment delivery ratio in a small semi-arid watershed under conditions of low connectivity

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Erosion at hillslope and micro‐basin scales in the Gilbués desertification region, Northeastern Brazil

Erosion at hillslope and micro‐basin scales in the Gilbués desertification region, Northeastern Brazil

Conectividade de sedimentos na Bacia Hidrográfica Riacho do Tigre, ambiente semiárido no município de São João do Tigre-PB

Relationship Among Crop Systems, Soil Cover, and Water Erosion on a Typic Hapludox

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