Conventionality control and Amendment 95/2016: a Brazilian case of unconstitutional constitutional amendment

Roznai, Yaniv; Kreuz, Letícia Regina Camargo

doi:10.5380/rinc.v5i2.57577

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This scenario fostered unemployment, poverty and hunger. The fight against food insecurity in Brazil was interrupted with the adoption of austerity measures, such as the National Amendment 95/2016 (4) , which reduced public expenditure on social policies, in addition to labour and social security reforms, which represents a scenario of violation of human rights that are being aggravated by the current pandemic. In this context, the goal of this commentary is to expose the situation of FNS in Brazil in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic by providing a critical analysis of this scenario and suggesting ways to move forward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How is Brazil facing the crisis of Food and Nutrition Security during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Carvalho

Viola

Sperandio

2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: the goal of this commentary is to expose the situation of Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) in Brazil in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic by providing a critical analysis of this scenario and suggesting ways to move forward. Results: When COVID-19 arrived in Brazil, a crisis scenario that incorporated economic, social, and political aspects became highly visible. This scenario fostered unemployment, poverty, and hunger. Besides that, it exposed multiple vulnerabilities that were getting worse over the past few years prior to the pandemic. In this context, COVID-19 found in Brazil a fertile ground for its dissemination and community transmission. The impacts of the suspension of many commercial activities and other economic sectors due to the pandemic was quickly felt socially and economically in Brazil. Some of the actions carried out by the Brazilian government included the emergency aid payment and exemption from payment of energy bills for vulnerable individuals, release of funds for programs for the direct purchase of food from family farmers, delivery of school food kits directly to students despite the closure of schools and publication of sanitary rules for the operation of restaurants. However, these actions are still insufficient, slow and not sufficiently coordinated to contain the progress of the food and nutritional insecurity crisis in Brazil. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgency for the Brazilian government to again prioritize the FNS agenda. This includes implementing mechanisms to ensure the Human Right to Adequate Food and expanding existing FNS programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How is Brazil facing the crisis of Food and Nutrition Security during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Carvalho

Viola

Sperandio

2020

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The inequalities in specialized services access presented and discussed in this study are related to and intensified by the socioeconomic and political scenario in which the country is immersed. If on the one hand all the achievements in relation to the creation of the SUS, its health care network and programs have favored the supply of and access to health services by the population [ 3 ], on the other hand the fiscal austerity measures [ 52 ] with health budget freezing through the Previne Brazil Program and Technical Note No. 3/2020, which institute new funding rules for Primary Health Care and repeal the federal funding of the Family Health Extended Core and Basic Care (NASF-AB) teams, respectively [ 53 , 54 ], configure a process of discontinuity and weakening of public health policies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequities in specialized health services use following COVID-19 in individuals from Southern Brazil

Vieira

Rocha

Dutra

et al. 2023

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Evidence on inequalities in the health services use is important for public policy formulation, even more so in a pandemic context. The aim of this study was to evaluate socioeconomic inequities in the specialized health use services according to health insurance and income, following COVID-19 in individuals residing in Southern Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional telephone survey with individuals aged 18 years or older diagnosed with symptomatic COVID-19 using the RT-PCR test between December 2020 and March 2021. Questions were asked about attendance at a health care facility following COVID-19, the facilities used, health insurance and income. Inequalities were assessed by the following measures: Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Concentration Index (CIX). Adjusted analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment using the Stata 16.1 statistical package. Results 2,919 people (76.4% of those eligible) were interviewed. Of these, 24.7% (95%CI 23.2; 36.3) used at least one specialized health service and 20.3% (95%CI 18.9; 21.8) had at least one consultation with specialist doctors after diagnosis of COVID-19. Individuals with health insurance were more likely to use specialized services. The probability of using specialized services was up to three times higher among the richest compared to the poorest. Conclusions There are socioeconomic inequalities in the specialized services use by individuals following COVID-19 in the far south of Brazil. It is necessary to reduce the difficulty in accessing and using specialized services and to extrapolate the logic that purchasing power transposes health needs. The strengthening of the public health system is essential to guarantee the population’s right to health.

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“…According to Roznai and Kreuz (2018), the new rules disregarded economic growth rates and population growth for the next twenty years, which may have led to a scarcity of social policies, especially in health and education.…”

Section: Constitutional Amendment 95/2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutional Amendment 95/2016 and its impact on a federal university

et al. 2022

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Purpose: To evaluate the effects of Constitutional Amendment 95/2016 on the budget of the University of Brasília in the period from 1995 to 2017, based on an econometric model for forecasting expenditure, using a hypothetical scenario and a retrospective approach. Methodology: Based on bibliographic and documentary research, statistical multiple linear regression modeling by the ordinary least squares method was used as a tool to measure and identify the possible effects of the Amendment on the University of Brasilia’s budget. Results: The constructed area, the length of stay of students, and the total number of employees were identified as the variables that have the greatest impact on the forecast of the University’s expenditure. These variables are statistically significant and positively related to the dependent variable “expenses paid”. When considering the historical scenario of UnB, especially with regard to the government policies adopted in the period analyzed, there were insufficient resources for maintaining the University’s main activities, which are widely recognized as the teaching, research and extension course tripod. This lack of resources was not a situation specific to UnB; it affected all federal institutions of higher education (IFES), and was linked to the period analyzed, during the time Constitutional Amendment [CA] 95/2016 was hypothetically valid in relation to the budget of the University of Brasilia, from 1995 to 2017. Contributions of the study: This study seeks to help expand the literature dealing with the management of public entities, specifically universities. By putting forward the respective variables, we enable future managers to measure the impact of the Constitutional Amendment in its historical context. These scenarios will enable adequate planning and decision making for expanding or reducing the supply of public services depending on the resources available.

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Conventionality control and Amendment 95/2016: a Brazilian case of unconstitutional constitutional amendment

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

How is Brazil facing the crisis of Food and Nutrition Security during the COVID-19 pandemic?

How is Brazil facing the crisis of Food and Nutrition Security during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Socioeconomic inequities in specialized health services use following COVID-19 in individuals from Southern Brazil

Constitutional Amendment 95/2016 and its impact on a federal university

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