<b>Responses of quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Willd.) seeds stored under different germination temperatures

Abstract

ABSTRACT. In this experiment, we assessed the germination and vigor of quinoa seeds packed in paper bags and stored at room temperature for 36, 85, 119, 146, 177 and 270 days. The seeds were harvested under experimental conditions in Marechal Candido Rondon, Paraná, during the 2012/13 growing seasons. Four replicates of 100 seeds each were established for each storage time, and the seeds were evaluated, on paper, based on the BOD under the following experimental temperature conditions: alternating temperatures of 20 and 30°C and a constant temperature of 25°C. The seeds from both treatments were subject to seven-hour photoperiods and 25°C under continuous darkness. The germinated seeds were counted daily for eight days after sowing, and we evaluated the percentages of normal and abnormal seedlings and the germination index. The experimental design was completely randomized using a splitplot design. Increasing the storage time decreased the percentage of germinated seeds and seed vigor due to the increased number of abnormal seedlings. Over the 430-day study period, quinoa seed germination completely declined under the experimental conditions. The final number of germinating seeds should be evaluated 7 days after the beginning of the germination test.Keywords: Germination test, temperature, photoperiod, seed vigor.Resposta de sementes de quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) estocadas em diferentes temperaturas de germinação RESUMO. Neste ensaio, avaliou-se a germinação e o vigor de sementes de quinoa, acondicionadas em sacos de papel e armazenadas à temperatura ambiente durante 36, 85, 119, 146, 177 e 270 dias. Semearamse quatro repetições de 100 sementes, de cada período de armazenamento, sendo as mesmas avaliadas, sob papel, em BOD, sob as seguintes condições experimentais de temperatura: alternância de temperaturas de 20 e 30ºC e temperatura constante de 25ºC. As sementes de ambos os tratamentos foram dispostas em fotoperíodo de sete horas, adicionalmente, outras em 25ºC e escuro contínuo. A contagem de sementes germinadas foi realizada diariamente, durante oito dias após a semeadura, sendo avaliados a porcentagem de plântulas normais, anormais e o índice de velocidade de germinação. O delineamento experimental empregado foi inteiramente casualizado no esquema de parcela subdividida. Com o aumento do período de armazenamento, ocorreu diminuição do percentual de sementes germinadas e vigor das sementes, devido ao aumento do número de plântulas anormais. Durante o período de 430 dias, as sementes de quinoa perderem todo seu potencial de germinação sob as condições experimentais. A germinação total de sementes de quinoa deve ser avaliada 7 dias após o início do teste de germinação.Palavras-chave: teste de germinação, temperatura, fotoperíodo, vigor de semente.

Mineral supplementation of soybean seeds with different initial nutrient levels

“…The same result was observed for the first sowing of the 2014/15 agricultural year, in which the BMX Potência cultivar had greater yields. Seed vigor is one of the most important factors affecting seedling development and final production (Strenske, Vasconcelos, Egewarth, Herzog, & Malavasi, 2017), and it is closely related to the level of reserves (Zimmer et al, 2016). High-vigor seeds have led to increases in grain yields of 311 kg ha -1 compared with low-vigor seeds (Scheeren, Peske, Schuch, & Barros, 2010), which is similar to the results obtained in this study.…”

Quantifying Cardinal Temperatures in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Cultivars

“…cultivars in order to determine: i) differences in cardinal temperatures determined by curvilinear models (second-and third-order regression equations) and bilinear model (linear regression equation), and ii) intracultivar variability in the percentage of germinated seeds, aborted seeds and non-germinated seeds at different temperatures. Alternative temperatures experiment was not considered according the results obtained by Strenske et al, (2017). Because the estimation of cardinal temperature is highly dependent on the statistical model, bilinear and curvilinear regressions (White et al, 2015) were used.…”

Effect of Germination on Vitamin C Content and Amylolytic Activity of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

“…Atwell et al [9] reported that sprouting was observed after 6hrs of germination where as Hager et al [4] stated that sprouting was seen after 8hrs of germination. Difference between studies may be due to variety difference, physiological quality of seeds and environmental conditions and germination requirements like water, temperature and light [10].…”