Avaliação do conhecimento sobre tabagismo em pacientes internados

Abstract

Objective: To identify characteristics related to smoking in hospitalized patients and to assess the knowledge that such patients have regarding the relationship between nicotine dependence and smoking-related diseases. Methods: The study included 186 patients (males, 59%; mean age, 51.3 ± 16.8 years) who were evaluated regarding demographic characteristics, diagnosis at admission, smoking history and passive smoke exposure. All of the patients completed a questionnaire regarding their knowledge of the relationship between smoking and disease. Results: Of the 186 patients, 42 (22.6%) were smokers, 64 (34.4%) were former smokers and 80 (43%) stated they were never smokers; 136 (73%) reported passive smoke exposure. In the sample as a whole, 21.5% of the patients were diagnosed with a smoking-related disease at admission, compared with 39% of those who were smokers or former smokers. The proportion of individuals who were unaware of the relationship between smoking and the cause of hospitalization was similar among current smokers and former smokers (56% and 65%, respectively). Only 19% of the current smokers believed that smoking might have affected their health, compared with 32% of the former smokers (p = 0.22). The proportion of individuals who believed that quitting smoking depends on willpower was significantly higher among former smokers and never smokers than among current smokers (64% and 53%, respectively, vs. 24%; p < 0.001 and p = 0.008). Although 96% of the patients believed that smoking causes dependence, only 60% identified smoking as a disease. Conclusions: This study shows the disconnect between the recognition of smoking as a cause of dependence and the recognition of smoking as a disease, as well as the general lack of awareness that former and current smoking constitute a risk factor for the development and progression of disease. Keywords:Smoking; Tobacco use disorder; Smoking cessation. ResumoObjetivo: Determinar características relacionadas ao tabagismo e avaliar o conhecimento sobre a relação entre dependência nicotínica e doenças relacionadas ao tabaco em pacientes internados. Métodos: Foram avaliados em 186 pacientes (59% de homens; média de idade = 51,3 ± 16,8 anos) internados em um hospital público quanto a características demográficas, diagnóstico de internação, história tabágica e tabagismo passivo. Todos os pacientes responderam um questionário sobre o conhecimento da relação tabagismo/doença. Resultados: Dos 186 pacientes, 42 (22,6%) eram fumantes, 64 (34,4%) eram ex-tabagistas e 80 (43%) referiam nunca ter fumado; 136 (73%) referiam exposição passiva ao fumo. O diagnóstico de admissão foi o de doença possivelmente relacionada ao tabaco em 21,5% dos pacientes e em 39% dos fumantes ativos e ex-fumantes. A proporção de fumantes e ex-fumantes que não conheciam a associação entre o tabagismo e a causa de internação foi similar (56% vs. 65%). Apenas 19% dos fumantes e 32% dos ex-fumantes acreditavam que o tabagismo tivesse afetado sua saúde (p = 0,22). A proporção de ex-fumantes ...

Factors associated with smoking cessation in Brazil

“…Ease in access to information and the availability of various websites displaying educational materials on smoking and its harm can facilitate an increase in the population's knowledge and thus in the control of the tobacco epidemic 41 . Thus, persons with online access can increase their awareness of the need to stop smoking in order to avoid jeopardizing their health.…”

Tabagismo: o que tem sido abordado em periódicos brasileiros

“…In a study involving 573 individuals living in 13 long-term stay institutions of the Federal District, Carvalho et al 33 found a prevalence smoking of 23%. Tanni et al 34 , evaluating patients from a public hospital, found a smoking prevalence of 22.6% and, although the diagnosis of tobacco-related disease was established in 39% of smokers and ex-smokers, 56% of smokers and 65% of ex-smokers ignored the association between smoking with the cause of hospitalization. It is also noteworthy in the study the fact that only 19% of smokers and 32% of ex-smokers thought tobacco use unhealthy.…”

Situational Diagnosis: Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of Patients Admitted to a Clinical Medicine Unit

“…20 Pesquisa procedida no Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu demonstrou que, dos 186 pacientes entrevistados, 43,00% referiram nunca ter fumado. 21 Mesmo com predomínio de não fumantes neste estudo, é interessante considerar que 12,70% são fumantes. Alguns autores consideram a internação uma "janela de oportunidade" para abordar e iniciar o tratamento do tabagismo, que é fator de risco para diversas doenças, como as coronarianas.…”

“…Alguns autores consideram a internação uma "janela de oportunidade" para abordar e iniciar o tratamento do tabagismo, que é fator de risco para diversas doenças, como as coronarianas. 2,20,21 Estudo encontrou que a classe de medicamentos mais utilizada pelos pacientes internados em unidade de clínica médica foram os analgésicos, os inibidores da bomba de prótons e os anti-hipertensivos. 5 No presente trabalho, as classes mais prescritas foram as de anticoagulantes, anti-hipertensivos e protetores da mucosa gástrica.…”