Biometria de frutos e sementes, germinação e crescimento do angico (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul) em diferentes condições de substrato e luminosidade

Abstract

Most of the Northeast area of the Brazil is composed by two important Biomas, the Savanna and the Atlantic Forest, with peculiar characteristics of climate and physiognomy, possessing vegetable species of great importance, many Fabaceae, that can take the Northeasterner to overcome the difficulties imposed by the nature and environmental impacts caused by the own man. One of those species, little frequent but thoroughly spread for Brazil and neighboring countries, is known by angico (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul) -Fabaceae, Mimosoideae -that it possesses high economical potential being quite used as ornamental, medicinal, for the tannin supply, resins, wood and honey, and due to that allied intense use to the problems of environmental degradation, it is considered under extinction risk. Based on those presented relevances and tends in view the problems of inadequate use of the soil, poverty, among other in the Northeast, the present work had as objectives to develop comparative studies, of fruits and seeds biometry, germination and of growth, of individuals from two different climatic areas, to verify morphophysiological differences among the populations and the variability inside of them, also when submitted to laboratory conditions and of nursery, with different types of soils and luminosities. Firstly, fruits and seeds were measured and the moisture contents done to 60ºC for 72 hours or until that the weight was stabilized. To evaluate the germination, were observed the germination percentage (% G), the medium time (t) and the germination speed index (IVG) in germination chambers to 30ºC ± 1 with 12 hours of light and in nurseries with different types of soils and luminosities. To evaluate the growth, the experimental design was completely randomized in a 2X5X3 factorial arrangement. Were appraised height of the plants (cm), the number of leaves, diameter of the stem (mm) and dry material of aerial part and roots (g/plants). The averages of the fruits of Cruz das Almas and Tanquinho varied, respectively, between 21,64 and 17,73cm for length, 14,25 and 12,72cm for width, and 7,33 and 4,78g for weight. For the seeds, the averages varied between 14,25 and 12,72mm for the length, 13,75 and 10,20mm for width and 0,18 and 0,11g for weight, respectively Cruz das Almas e Tanquinho. The moisture contents was found between 6,92 and 8,14%.For germination, the most appropriate luminosity is 30% of light in the sand. The population of Tanquinho was shown more vigorous could be explained as strategically adapted for establishment in field, taking advantage of from the favorable conditions to the subsequent development. Regarding the growth, the different types of soils and luminosities used interfered significantly, causing considerable variations in the measured characters and the different origins also behaved in a different way. The soil 2 under 30% of light favored larger growth in height and larger number of leaves. The soil 2 to full sun favored larger diameter of the s...

Biometria de frutos e sementes e tratamentos pré-germinativos em Cassia fistula L. (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae)

“…As variações encontradas nas dimensões dos frutos de C. fistula, neste trabalho e nos trabalhos aqui citados, podem estar relacionadas com os fatores genéticos e ou com interações genótipo ambiente, pois, como já foi ressaltado (RODRIGUES et al, 2006) De acordo com Rocas (2002), as sementes de C. fistula possuem de 7,5 a 10 mm de comprimento, 6 a 7,5 mm de largura e 2,5 a 3 mm de espessura e, com formato ovóide a elipsóide, biconvexa com secção transversal e ventralmente achatada. Como também foi evidenciado neste trabalho, as sementes de C. fistula possuem pequenas variações nas dimensões e na massa.…”

“…As diferenças biométricas estão relacionadas não só a fatores ambientais, mas também às reações da população ao estabelecimento em um novo ambiente, principalmente quando a espécie tem uma ampla distribuição (RODRIGUES et al, 2006). Já as variações de tamanho de sementes existentes na própria planta são decorrentes dos efeitos do ambiente durante o seu desenvolvimento (LEISHAMAN et al, 2000) e, essas variações podem interferir na qualidade fisiológica das sementes (OLIVEIRA et al, 2009).…”

Biometria de frutos e sementes e tratamentos pré-germinativos em Cassia grandis L. f. (Fabaceae)

“…Segundo Rodrigues et al (2006), as diferenças biométricas estão relacionadas a fatores ambientais, como também às reações da população ao estabelecimento em um novo ambiente, principalmente quando a espécie tem uma ampla distribuição, fato corroborado com material de seu estudo, obtendo diferenças significativas nos valores médios das variáveis biométricas de frutos e sementes de Anadenanthera colubrina (VELL.) BRENAN VAR.…”

Morphometric Characterization and Seed Dormancy Overcoming of Sapindus saponaria L.

“…Although biometric characteristics of seeds can be taxonomically questionable, due to the strong influence of latitudinal, seasonal and microclimatic variations, they have great biological significance, related to dispersing agents and dispersion syndromes (Rodrigues et al, 2006). The distribution of the relative frequency of S. saponaria seeds length and width is shown in Figure 2.…”