Most of the Northeast area of the Brazil is composed by two important Biomas, the Savanna and the Atlantic Forest, with peculiar characteristics of climate and physiognomy, possessing vegetable species of great importance, many Fabaceae, that can take the Northeasterner to overcome the difficulties imposed by the nature and environmental impacts caused by the own man. One of those species, little frequent but thoroughly spread for Brazil and neighboring countries, is known by angico (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul) -Fabaceae, Mimosoideae -that it possesses high economical potential being quite used as ornamental, medicinal, for the tannin supply, resins, wood and honey, and due to that allied intense use to the problems of environmental degradation, it is considered under extinction risk. Based on those presented relevances and tends in view the problems of inadequate use of the soil, poverty, among other in the Northeast, the present work had as objectives to develop comparative studies, of fruits and seeds biometry, germination and of growth, of individuals from two different climatic areas, to verify morphophysiological differences among the populations and the variability inside of them, also when submitted to laboratory conditions and of nursery, with different types of soils and luminosities. Firstly, fruits and seeds were measured and the moisture contents done to 60ºC for 72 hours or until that the weight was stabilized. To evaluate the germination, were observed the germination percentage (% G), the medium time (t) and the germination speed index (IVG) in germination chambers to 30ºC ± 1 with 12 hours of light and in nurseries with different types of soils and luminosities. To evaluate the growth, the experimental design was completely randomized in a 2X5X3 factorial arrangement. Were appraised height of the plants (cm), the number of leaves, diameter of the stem (mm) and dry material of aerial part and roots (g/plants). The averages of the fruits of Cruz das Almas and Tanquinho varied, respectively, between 21,64 and 17,73cm for length, 14,25 and 12,72cm for width, and 7,33 and 4,78g for weight. For the seeds, the averages varied between 14,25 and 12,72mm for the length, 13,75 and 10,20mm for width and 0,18 and 0,11g for weight, respectively Cruz das Almas e Tanquinho. The moisture contents was found between 6,92 and 8,14%.For germination, the most appropriate luminosity is 30% of light in the sand. The population of Tanquinho was shown more vigorous could be explained as strategically adapted for establishment in field, taking advantage of from the favorable conditions to the subsequent development. Regarding the growth, the different types of soils and luminosities used interfered significantly, causing considerable variations in the measured characters and the different origins also behaved in a different way. The soil 2 under 30% of light favored larger growth in height and larger number of leaves. The soil 2 to full sun favored larger diameter of the s...
Angico (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul) é uma Mimosaceae arbórea de grande distribuição na América do Sul, com rápido crescimento e bastante utilizada para fornecimento de tanino, madeira, mel e resina, além de ser considerado ornamental e medicinal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar comparativamente a germinação de sementes procedentes de populações de uma mesma espécie de dois locais com climas distintos. Foram observados a germinabilidade (%G), o tempo médio (t) e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG) em germinador a 30 ºC ±1 e emergência em viveiros com diferentes tipos de substratos e luminosidades. O ambiente a pleno sol proporcionou as menores taxas de germinação, maiores tempos médios e menores índices de velocidade de germinação em todos os tipos de solos. As luminosidades mais adequadas são as de 30% de luz no substrato areia e 50% de luz na terra vegetal pura. A população da cidade de Tanquinho-BA, pelo seu vigor, mostrou-se mais adaptada para estabelecimento em campo, aproveitando condições favoráveis ao subseqüente desenvolvimento. Esses comportamentos germinativos diferenciados evidenciam diferenças adaptativas aos "habitats" onde ocorrem contribuindo para o sucesso ecológico e evolutivo da espécie.
The Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul is very most used as medicinal, ornamental, melliferous, for produce wood, energetics and tanniniferous, and because to this usefulness and to the processes of environmental degradation it is in the list of species of extinction risk. Like this, it is necessary to enlarge the scientific knowledge to make possible the maintainable use, its conservation and to contribute for subsequent studies. One hundred seeds of populations in the cities of Tanquinho, Cruz das Almas and Milagres, with different climatic types, were compared to verify if there are significant variation of size and weight. The results showed that there is no significant difference among the lengths, widths and weights of the seeds of Tanquinho and Milagres, for the test of Tukey to 1% of probability. The seeds of the population of Cruz das Almas possess larger size and larger weight. These answers suggest different adaptations of a same specie to different climatic conditions, what could influence in its occurrence potential and competitive capacity with other species and with handling types.
Com o objetivo de resgatar e sistematizar as informações populares sobre plantas utilizadas com fins medicinais pela comunidade de Madre de Deus, foi realizado um levantamento etnobotânico, comparando os usos locais com o conhecimento científico e incentivando o uso cuidadoso para suprir as necessidades da comunidade. Foram utilizados formulários semi-estruturados distribuídos a 120 mulheres acima de 35 anos, obtendo-se dados sobre nome popular, parte usada, modo de preparo e indicações terapêuticas de 28 espécies de plantas. Foi evidenciado grande conhecimento por parte das entrevistadas dos recursos naturais e seu uso como medicamento, utilizando espécies de diversos hábitos, das quais são extraídas diferentes partes vegetais que são empregadas de vários modos. Pôde-se perceber a necessidade de realizar estudos laboratoriais com plantas usadas para fins medicinais, principalmente daquelas que não são validadas cientificamente, ou que podem ser potencialmente tóxicas, objetivando melhorar a qualidade de vida da população local.
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