Morphometry and ultra-structure of the intestinal mucosa of broilers fed different additives

Pelicano, E. R. L.; Souza, Pedro Alves de; Souza, Hirasilva Borba Alves de; Figueiredo, Denise Fontana; Amaral, Cecília Maria Costa do

doi:10.1590/s1516-635x2007000300006

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Our results show that PB addition increased the intestinal mucosa and villi height and decreased the depth of the crypts compared to the other groups. Other authors reported similar results ( Pelicano et al., 2005 ; Pelicano et al., 2007 ; Aliakbarpour et al., 2012 ; Chávez et al., 2016 ; Jayaraman et al., 2017 ; Jacquier et al., 2019 ). Furthermore, longer villi with shallow crypts increase the nutrient absorption surface and indicate a sufficiently mature and functionally active epithelium ( Chavez et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

2021

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The global poultry trend toward the more responsible use of antibiotics is becoming recurrent and has demanded the need to generate new natural alternatives. Probiotics have gained importance as an option to use as growth promoters. This study aimed to evaluate Bacillus subtillis QST713 as a substitute for an antibiotic growth promoter ( BMD ). A total of 150 male broilers were assigned to three dietary treatments: 1) control diet ( CO ), 2) control diet + 500 g/t of BMD ( AGP ), and 3) control diet + 100 g/t of B. subtilis QST713 ( PB ), respectively. Each treatment was monitored for 5 wk for the productive variables: body weight, accumulated feed consumption, food conversion, and European efficiency factor. At the end of each week, fresh fecal samples were cultured and quantified for E. coli, Enterococcus spp., and Lactobacillus spp. At the end of the trial, blood samples were analyzed for hemogram and intestinal samples (anterior portion) for histomorphometry. The data were statistically analyzed with an analysis of variance and subjected to a least significant difference test (Tukey). The zootechnical yields were similar in the AGP and PB groups ( P ˃ 0.05); both superior to the control group. In the hematological profiles, no difference was observed between the experimental groups. E. coli and Enterococcus counts were significantly lower ( P ˂ 0.05), and Lactobacillus counts were significantly ( P ˂ 0.05) higher in the PB group, relative to CO and AGP groups. No differences ( P ˃ 0.05) were found in bacterial counts between the CO and AGP groups. The intestinal mucosa and villi in the PB group were significantly ( P ˂ 0.05) longer and with less deeper crypts than CO and AGP groups. We conclude that B. subtillis QST713, used at the suggested commercial dose (100 g/ton), is an effective growth-promoting alternative to BMD that modulates the microbiota and intestinal architecture, thus producing zootechnical yields consistent with BMD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

2021

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“…In the present work, from 0 to 3 days pi, SE and SH groups had low villus height:crypt depth ratios when compared to the control group, possibly because of SE and SH damage caused to the Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Enteritidis following broiler chick inoculation intestinal mucosa. Reductions in the villi height:crypt depth ratios can occur due to intestinal pathogen infection and are seen under other certain conditions in poultry, including after feed withdrawal (25) and in response to some feed additives that are used during growout (12,8,21). These changes have been attributed to reduced cell migration and proliferation rates, along with increased rates of cell loss and programmed cell death (7).…”

Section: Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Heidelbergmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Salmonella heidelberg and Salmonella enteritidis strains following broiler chick inoculation: evaluation of cecal morphometry, liver and cecum bacterial counts and fecal excretion patterns

Borsoi¹,

Santos²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Over the years, Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) has gained prominence in North America poultry production and in the poultry production of other countries. Salmonella Heidelberg has been isolated and reported from poultry and poultry products in Brazil since 1962, whereas Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) has only emerged as a serious problem in poultry and public health since 1993. These strains of Salmonella can cause intestinal problems in newly hatched chicks, and infection may persist until adulthood. Upon slaughter of chickens, Salmonella can contaminate carcasses, a condition that poses a threat to human health. The aim of this study was to compare the fecal excretion of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Heidelberg in newly hatched chicks (orally inoculated with 10 5 ufc/mL each) until 20 days of age. In addition, the ratio of cecal villus height:crypt depth (morphometry) and liver and cecum cell counts was analyzed in chicks ranging from 0 to 3 days of age and infected with these two Salmonella strains. One hundred seventeen chicks were separated into one of three experimental groups: a control group, an SEinfected group and an SH-infected group. Eight chicks per group were euthanized at 6, 12 and 72 hours post-inoculation (pi) to allow for Salmonella isolation from the liver and cecum and for the collection of the cecum for villi and crypt analysis. Other birds were allowed to mature to 20 days of age and cloacal swabs were taken at 2, 6, 13 and 20 days pi to compare the fecal excretion of inoculated strains. TheSalmonella Enteritidis group had a higher number of cells excreted during the trial. Both strains were isolated from the liver and cecum by 6h pi. At 12h pi the Salmonella Heidelberg group had high cell counts in the cecum. No difference was found in liver cell counts. Both strains showed lower villus height:crypt depth ratio than the control group post-infection.

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“…There are many studies published in literature on the use of these alternative feed additives (Pelicano et al, 2007;Panda et al, 2009); however, performance and intestinal morphology results in broilers are still contradictory. Moreover, there are few studies in literature on the effect of these additives on intestinal ultrastructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal integrity and performance of broiler chickens fed a probiotic, a prebiotic, or an organic acid

Fernandes

Martins

Mendes

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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KeywordsScanning electron microscopy, morphometrics, intestinal mucosa, intestinal wall.Submitted: May/2013 Approved: February/2014 ABStRACt This study aimed at evaluating the intestinal integrity, using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the performance of broiler chickens fed additives alternative to antimicrobials. A total of 1080 male chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design, with six treatments with six replicates of 30 birds each. The following treatments were evaluated: basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with an antimicrobial, basal diet supplemented with a probiotic, basal diet supplemented with a prebiotic, basal diet with a symbiotic, and basal diet supplemented with organic acids. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and livability were recorded when broiler chickens were 10, 21, 35, and 42 days old. On day 42, 72 birds were individually weighed and sacrificed. In order to evaluate the morphometrics of the different intestinal wall layers, segments of the small intestine and the cecum were collected from two birds per replicate, and intestinal integrity (SEM) was evaluated in the same segments of two birds per treatment. During the starter period (1-21 days old), birds fed the alternative additives presented similar weight gain as those fed the antimicrobial product, but were not different from control birds. Feed conversion ratio of birds fed alternative additives was better than that of the control birds from one to 10 days of age, but not during the remaining rearing period, and was similar to the birds receiving the antimicrobial. The morphometric parameters of the different intestinal wall layers was not influenced by the treatments. During the total rearing period, the evaluated alternative additives did not improve intestinal integrity or broiler performance.

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Morphometry and ultra-structure of the intestinal mucosa of broilers fed different additives

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

Behavior of Salmonella heidelberg and Salmonella enteritidis strains following broiler chick inoculation: evaluation of cecal morphometry, liver and cecum bacterial counts and fecal excretion patterns

Intestinal integrity and performance of broiler chickens fed a probiotic, a prebiotic, or an organic acid

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