Produção de forragem e desempenho de novilhos de corte em um sistema silvipastoril: efeito de doses de nitrogênio e oferta de forragem

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three herbage allowances (5, 10, and 15 kg dry matter [DM] 100 -1 of body weight [BW]) for Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pastures in a continuous grazing system on the morphological and nutritional characteristics of forage, animal performance, and economic viability in Nellore heifers. The total experimental area was 60 ha, divided into 12 paddocks of 5 ha each, with 4 paddocks per treatment. The experimental animals were Nellore heifers (260 in total), with average BW of 301.16 ± 9.12 kg, receiving 0.4 % BW in multiple supplements. We evaluated the production, structural characteristics, and nutritional value of the forage, productive performance, carcass characteristics, and economic viability of each allowance. There were significant effects for the production, structural characteristics, and nutritional value of the forage treatment. The proportions of leaves were 42.40, 38.20, and 30.88 % and the leaf:stem ratios were 1.22, 1.03, and 0.83 for the 5, 10, and 15 kg DM 100 -1 BW herbage allowances, respectively. The average daily weight gain (mean 0.42, 0.75, and 0.63 kg daily -1 ) and stocking rate (3.35, 1.87, and 1.26 animal unit ha -1 ) had a significant effect for the 5, 10, and 15 kg DM 100 -1 BW forage allowance, respectively. The herbage allowances were evaluated as being economically viable with a profit margin of 10.37, 23.65, and 14.43 % for the 5, 10, and 15 kg DM 100 -1 BW allowances, respectively. The greatest pasture response was found in the 5 kg DM 100 -1 BW allowance and was related to better nutritional values and morphological characteristics of the pasture and greater stoking rate and weight gain per area. The herbage allowance of 10 kg DM 100 -1 BW be applied to obtain higher animal performance and better economic viability of heifers in B. brizantha cv. Marandu pastures in a continuous grazing method that are receiving protein-energy supplementation.

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“…Some studies (BERNARDINO et al, 2011;PAULA et al, 2012;SCHIO et al, 2011) show a positive effect of herbage allowance on weight gain rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbage allowance effects on the characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pastures and the production and economic viability of Nellore heifersicas das pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e na produção e viabilidade econômica de novilhas Nelore

Dias

Gomes

Ítavo

et al. 2016

SCA

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“…Even compared to treatments without fertilization, N accumulation is significantly superior to other studies conducted in a silvopastoral system (CASTRO et al, 2009;LACERDA et al, 2009;ANDRADE et al, 2001). For instance, the research carried out by Bernardino et al (2011) in areas of Marandú grass integrated with Eucalyptus, these authors verified N accumulation in pasture varying from 27.8 to 45.4 kg ha -1 of N to doses of 150 kg ha -1 year -1 , with N values inferior to 1% in the dry matter. Possibly, the high values of N in the dry matter of the grass may be associated with the high content of organic material (5.69%) and soil based saturation (V=83.79%), which directly reflect the chemical characteristics of the plant (Table 1) , respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…By accelerating the development of the forage and ensuring a great contribution of photo-assimilates, nitrogen favors the maintenance of forage canopy and influences the persistence of pastures. Bernardino et al (2011) reported that nitrogen deficiency in the understory of a silvopastoral system may restrict forage productivity; therefore, when used, nitrogen fertilizers can increase yield levels since these silvopastoral systems also have high demands for this nutrient; thus, the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers on pastures deserves closer examinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productive efficiency of mombasa grass in silvopastoral system under pasture deferment and nitrogen fertilizer

Júnior

Santos

Rodrigues

et al. 2017

SCA

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This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Mombasa grass in a silvopastoral system and submitted to different nitrogen fertilization rates and pasture management strategies. Treatments consisted of four nitrogen fertilizer doses (0.0, 125.0, 187.5, and 250.0 kg N ha -1 year -1 ) and three cutting heights (70, 90, and 105 cm). Plant agronomic and physiologic efficiencies, as well as nitrogen use and accumulation by plants, forage production, and increments of forage production, were verified for the application of nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilization was only efficient for grasses cut at 105 cm, where 75% of the applied nitrogen at a dose of 125 kg ha -1 year -1 was recovered. Yet the grasses cut at 70 and 90 cm presented low results for nitrogen fertilization, showing plants with low physiological and agronomic efficiencies. For Mombasa grass in a silvopastoral system, nitrogen fertilization is more efficient when applied at lower doses and for plants cut at higher heights. Key words: Megathyrsus maximus. Agroforestry systems. Pre-grazing height. Post-grazing height. ResumoObjetivo de avaliar a eficiência do capim Mombaça manejado em sistemas silvipastoril submetido adubação nitrogenada e estratégias de manejo de corte do pasto. Avaliou-se o capim Mombaça manejado em sistema silvipastoril, com quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 125; 187,5 e 250 kg ha -1 ano -1 ) e três alturas de corte do capim (70, 90 e 105 cm). Verificando a eficiência da planta quanto a utilização do nitrogênio, eficiência agronômica, eficiência fisiológica, acúmulo de nitrogênio na planta, produção de forragem e o incremento de produção de massa de forragem com aplicação do adubo nitrogenado. A adubação nitrogenada foi eficiente somente para o capim manejado a 105 cm de altura de corte, onde foi possível obter nas doses de 125 kg ha -1 ano -1 recuperação de 75% do nitrogênio aplicado. Já o capim manejado a 70 e 90 cm apresentou baixo resultado com uso de adubação nitrogenada, com baixa eficiência fisiológica e agronômica. O capim Mombaça em sistema silvipastoril com uso de fertilizante nitrogenado é mais eficiente em baixos níveis de nitrogênio aplicado e nas maiores alturas de corte do pasto. Palavras-chave: Megathyrsus maximus. Sistemas Agroflorestais. Altura pré-pastejo. Altura pós-pastejo.

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“…Our hypothesis is that, in general, in the management of a conventional silvopastoral system, the forage quality of pastures decreases as a result of forage maturity and senescence [51]. Therefore, herbage allowance has been defined as the amount of available forage per animal in a point-in-time measurement [28,38,40].…”

Section: Stocking Rate Herbage Allowance and Animal Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Guinea Grass Panicum maximum under Silvopastoral Systems in Combination with Two Management Systems in Orellana Province, Ecuador

et al. 2021

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Climate change has increased the interannual and seasonal variation in the average temperature and precipitation rate, which determine forage availability globally. Similar patterns of change have occurred in tropical regions, and Ecuador is no exception. This region includes other influencing factors, such as the conversion of tropical forests to extensive pastures. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate guinea grass (Panicum maximum) cultivated under silvopastoral systems with different management strategies in both of the seasons of the study region in Ecuador (rainy season and dry season). A randomized complete block design was used for the experiment, with three repetitions and three treatments. Agronomic measures, forage production, chemical composition, animal responses, and soil properties were evaluated. Data were analyzed with the Mixed model of SAS. Differences in all evaluated parameters were observed between treatments, and silvopastoral systems (SPSs) produced better results than conventional grass monoculture. Furthermore, there was a strong seasonal effect on forage production, chemical composition, and soil properties. Therefore, management of Panicum maximum with well-planned grazing can enhance animal responses and help to retain natural resources, lowering the pressure on forests.

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Produção de forragem e desempenho de novilhos de corte em um sistema silvipastoril: efeito de doses de nitrogênio e oferta de forragem

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Herbage allowance effects on the characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pastures and the production and economic viability of Nellore heifersicas das pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e na produção e viabilidade econômica de novilhas Nelore

Herbage allowance effects on the characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pastures and the production and economic viability of Nellore heifersicas das pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e na produção e viabilidade econômica de novilhas Nelore

Productive efficiency of mombasa grass in silvopastoral system under pasture deferment and nitrogen fertilizer

Assessment of Guinea Grass Panicum maximum under Silvopastoral Systems in Combination with Two Management Systems in Orellana Province, Ecuador

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