Ingestão de cálcio e densidade mineral óssea em mulheres adultas intolerantes à lactose

Abstract

ObjetivoComparar a ingestão de cálcio e a densidade mineral óssea entre mulheres adultas portadoras de intolerância à lactose e suas congêneres não portadoras da doença. MétodosA amostra foi composta por 60 mulheres jovens adultas (de 20 a 40 anos), separadas em dois grupos: 30 diagnosticadas com intolerância à lactose e 30 saudáveis. A ingestão de cálcio foi avaliada por três autorregistros alimentares, e a densidade mineral óssea do colo do fêmur por absortometria radiológica de dupla energia. ResultadosAs densidades minerais ósseas do colo do fêmur (M=0,86, DP=0,13g/cm² versus M=0,77, DP=0,12g/cm²) e do fêmur total (M=1,14, DP=0,14g/cm² versus M=1,06, DP=0,12g/cm²) foram menores (p<0,05) para as portadoras de intolerância à lactose do que para o grupo-controle, mas não houve diferença significativa na densidade mineral óssea para corpo inteiro (M=1,14, DP=0,15g/cm² versus M=1,08, DP=0,09g/cm², p>0,05). Além disso, a ingestão de cálcio foi menor para intolerantes à lactose do que para o grupo-controle (M=250,5, DP=111,7mg/dia -1 vs M=659,7, DP=316,1mg/dia -1 , p<0,05). ConclusãoOs resultados do presente estudo sugerem que o aparecimento de sintomas de intolerância pode influenciar a massa óssea devido a uma redução da ingestão de cálcio. Termos de indexação:Lactose. Leite. Osso. Sindrome de malabsorção.

Influence of lactose intolerance and physical activity level on bone mineral density in young women

“…Moreover, it was also not possible to determine whether a reduced calcium intake provoked a lower BMD in the LI group. However, similar studies appoint to this direction 6 . The results of the present study complement these findings and suggest that the regular practice of physical exercise alone is not able to reverse the deleterious effects of LI.…”

“…There is a consensus that LI individuals with below-average BMD showed a reduction in calcium intake 5,27,28,[30][31][32] . When the absorption of calcium, an essential micronutrient, is insufficient to replenish daily losses, calcium is removed from bones contributing to a negative balance of bone remodeling and may predispose individuals to osteopenia and osteoporose 6,13,28 . Unfortunately, calcium intake was not measured in this study, but in a previous study with a very similar population 6 , it was demonstrated that calcium intake in LI women was nearly three times lower compared to intake of the control women.…”

“…When the absorption of calcium, an essential micronutrient, is insufficient to replenish daily losses, calcium is removed from bones contributing to a negative balance of bone remodeling and may predispose individuals to osteopenia and osteoporose 6,13,28 . Unfortunately, calcium intake was not measured in this study, but in a previous study with a very similar population 6 , it was demonstrated that calcium intake in LI women was nearly three times lower compared to intake of the control women. This lower calcium intake in LI women must be by a reduction or even total abstinence in the consumption of milk-derived products.…”

“…The IL is characterized by clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea and bloating after ingestion of milkderived foods 5,6 . This is caused by a reduction in the lactase enzyme quantity in the small intestine, so-called hypolactasia 1,2 .…”

“…In long term, IL can carry to a reduced ingestion of milk-derived products, which are rich in lactose. Therefore, the LI individuals will ingest and absorb less calcium [1][2][3] , predisposing those individuals to bone complications such as bone fracture as a consequence of a calciuminduced reduction in bone mineral content 3,6,7 . Accordingly, Obermayer-Pietsch et al 7 , analyzed 73 postmenopausal women and found that women with CC genotype (lactase deficiency) reduced about 80% of their dairy calcium intake as well as the calcium absorption.…”