Efeitos cardiorrespiratórios da associação de tiletamina/zolazepam em cães (Canis familiaris) pré-tratados ou não pela acepromazina

Almeida, Ellen Maria Pestili de; Nunes, Newton; Fantinatti, Alexandra Pinheiro; Santos, Paulo Sérgio Patto dos; Bolzan, Aline Adriana; Rezende, Marlis L.

doi:10.1590/s1413-95962000000300007

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Heart rate (HR) showed significant increase at experimental time M10 compared with that at M15, as well as at times M5, M10, M40, and M50 compared with that at M0 (Table 1). Possibly, the increase observed after administration of the tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) combination was due to the sympathomimetic action of tiletamine, which increases HR, a characteristic common to dissociative agents well documented in the literature (Almeida et al 2000, Mello & Cordeiro 2001, Valadão & Pacchini 2001, Pereira 2008, Valadão 2011, Berry 2017.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significant decrease in body temperature (BT) was observed at experimental time M50 compared with that at M0 (Table 1). The TZ combination promotes depressant effect on the temperature of dogs (Veado 2001, Mello & Cordeiro 2001, and its association with phenothiazines may potentiate depression of the thermoregulatory center (Almeida et al 2000, Pereira 2008, Lacerda et al 2010). However, in disagreement with the hypothermia reported by other authors, BT remained within the physiological limits (37.5-39.2°C) at all experimental times assessed (Feitosa 2014) because of the heat provided by the thermal mattress throughout the experimental period, which aimed to minimize temperature decrease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenothiazine derived drugs such as acepromazine show tranquilizing, sympatholytic, anxiolytic and antispasmodic action, promoting a calmer anesthetic recovery and potentiation of the anesthesia promoted by the tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) combination (Almeida et al 2000, Pereira 2008, Fantoni & Cortopassi 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anesthetic quality and cardiovascular and respiratory effects of continuous intravenous infusion of tiletamine-zolazepam in bitches

et al. 2019

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P.I. 2019. Anesthetic quality and cardiovascular and respiratory effects of continuous intravenous infusion of tiletamine-zolazepam in bitches. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 39 (3): [214][215][216][217][218][219][220]. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and recovery from anesthesia promoted by the tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) combination administered intravenously (IV) continuously in bitches pre-medicated with acepromazine. Eight cross-bred, clinically healthy bitches weighing 13.7 ±1.9kg on average were used in this study. After a food fast of 12 h and a water fast of four hours, the animals were treated with acepromazine (0.1mg/kg, intramuscular) and, after 15 minutes, anesthesia was induced with a combination of tiletamine-zolazepam (2mg/kg, IV) immediately followed by continuous IV infusion thereof at a dose of 2mg/kg/h for 60 min. The following parameters were measured in all animals immediately before administration of acepromazine (M15), immediately before anesthetic induction (M0), and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min after initiation of continuous infusion (M5, M10, M20, M30, M40, M50, and M60): electrocardiography (ECG), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT), and arterial hemogasometry, with the last performed only at experimental times M15, M0, M30, and M60. A subcutaneous electrical stimulator was used to evaluate the degree of analgesia. Myorelaxation and quality of anesthetic recovery were also assessed, classifying these parameters as excellent, good, and poor. Anesthetic recovery time was recorded in minutes. HR increased significantly at time M10 in relation to that at M-15, and at times M5, M10, M40, and M50 in relation to that at M0. MAP decreased significantly at M20 and M30 compared with the baseline. BT decreased significantly at M50 compared with that at M0, but no hypothermia was observed. RR showed significant reduction at M5, M10, and M20 in relation to that at M-15, and at M5 and M10 in relation to that at M0, and bradypnoea was observed during the first 20 min after anesthetic induction. Significant decreases in the PR interval at times M10, M40, and M50 were observed in relation to that at M15. Amplitude of the R wave showed significant decrease at M20 compared with that at M-15. In the other ECG parameters, no significant difference was observed between the times evaluated. Hemogasometric parameters and analgesia did not show significant alterations. Myorelaxation and quality of anesthetic recovery were considered excellent. Recovery time was 15.1±7.7 min for positioning of sternal decubitus and 45.5±23.1 minutes for return of ambulation. Continuous IV administration of TZ combination does not produce satisfactory analgesia and does not cause severe cardiorespiratory and hemogasometric effects in bitches pre-medicated with acepromazine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anesthetic quality and cardiovascular and respiratory effects of continuous intravenous infusion of tiletamine-zolazepam in bitches

et al. 2019

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“…This is a controversial effect for a-2 agonists lead to peripheral vasodilatation and heat production reduction. Different dissociative anesthesia protocols used by some authors 10,11 showed a greater decrease in RT as related to methotrimeprazine effects when used in the combination, as cited before 12 . Both groups showed a decrease in respiratory frequency (f) but still within the physiological limits (10-40 breaths/min) 9 , also observed in dogs treated with atropine/romifidine/ketamine 13. No relevant alterations occurred 14, 15, and 16 in f when the treatment was with a combination of medetomidine to other drugs dogs treated with medetomidine/butopharnol/midazolam showed bradypnea which could be associated to the butopharnol administration 19 and in dogs treated with medetomidine/ butopharnol/ketamine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Continuous infusion in adult females dogs submitted to ovariohysterectomy with midazolam-xylazine and/or medetomidine pre-treated with methotrimeprazine and buprenorphine

et al. 2007

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PURPOSE: To compare, by continuous infusion of ketamine or medetomidine combined to methotrimeprazine and buprenorphine, ketamine and midazolam, the degree of hypnosis, myorelaxation, anesthetic quality and surgical feasibility through evaluation of possible parametric alterations and recovery quality. METHODS: 20 healthy adult females dogs, aged 3 to 5 years, body weight between 7 and 15 kg, were assigned randomly and homogenously to 2 groups of 10 animals each (n=10), group 1 (G1) and group 2 (G2), respectively. Animals of G1 were subjected to a pre-treatment with intravenous 1.0 mg/kg methotrimeprazine and or 3ì/kg. After 15 minutes, a 5.0 mg/kg ketamine and 0.2 mg/kg midazolam were intravenously injected. Immediately after induction, an anesthetic combination of 0.4 mg/kg/h midazolam, 20 mg/kg/h ketamine and 1.0 mg/kg/h xylazine, was continuously and intravenously administered for 30 minutes. The same techniques were used in G2 except for the substitution of xylazine for 30ìg/kg/h medetomidine. RESULTS: In G1 there was a 1st and 2nd degree atrioventricular heart block, a longer recovery period and lower quality. In G2 a 1st degree atrioventricular heart block occurred but isolated and ephemeral. CONCLUSIONS: The continuous infusion method, besides reducing drugs utilization, prevented collateral effects allowing a more tranquil recovery with no excitations, both protocols permitted the surgical procedure (ovary-hysterectomy) bringing about a reduction in hypnosis and an accentuated myorelaxation. Xylazine and medetomidine showed a similar pharmacodynamic behavior but with different clinical aspects. The electrocardiographic alterations observed in G2 and in a lower degree in G1 must be well studied. Describers: dogs, ketamine, methotrimeprazine, medetomidine, midazolam and xylazine.

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“…Almeida et al (2000) stated that the combination of tiletamine/zolazepam in dogs (Canis familiaris) pretreated with acepromazine did not significantly change the saturation of oxygen in hemoglobin. Cistola et al (2004) observed changes in cats anesthetized with ketamine, xylazine, tiletamine, and zolazepam and reported that alpha-2-adrenergic agonists like xylazine cause intense vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow to many organs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different dissociative anesthesia protocols for coatis (Nasua nasua)

Martini

Monzem

Gomes

et al. 2017

AVB

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Article historyThis study evaluated the effects of various combinations of dissociative drugs, tranquilizers, and sedatives in four male coatis (Nasua nasua) with an average age and weight of 4.8 ± 1.3 years and 6.02 ± 0.56 kg, respectively. We studied six groups with different anesthetic protocols: CX (10 mg/kg ketamine-S and 2 mg/kg xylazine); CXA (10 mg/kg ketamine-S, 2 mg/kg xylazine, and 0.04 mg/kg atropine); CM (10 mg/kg ketamine-S and 0.5 mg/kg midazolam); CMAc (10 mg/kg ketamine-S, 0.5 mg/kg of midazolam, and 1 mg/kg acepromazine); C(20)M (20 mg/kg of ketamine-S and 0.5 mg/kg midazolam); and TZ (7 mg/kg of tiletamine and zolazepam), with a 30-day interval between the completion of each procedure. We evaluated heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), saturation of oxyhemoglobin (SpO2), body temperature T (°C), and muscle relaxation, using a scoring system. There was no statistical difference for SpO2. T (°C) was progressively reduced over time in all groups (p< 0.0001). The groups CM, C(20)M, CMAc, and TZ demonstrated the greatest effect on HR and T (°C). With respect to respiratory rate reduction, groups CM and TZ showed similar results. The best degree of muscle relaxation was observed in groups CM and C(20)M. We concluded that the combination of 20 mg/kg ketamine and midazolam 0. 5 mg/kg (group C(20)M) is an option for dissociative anesthesia of coatis, producing smaller changes in T (°C) and HR, and promoting better muscular relaxation when compared to other combinations.

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Efeitos cardiorrespiratórios da associação de tiletamina/zolazepam em cães (Canis familiaris) pré-tratados ou não pela acepromazina

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Anesthetic quality and cardiovascular and respiratory effects of continuous intravenous infusion of tiletamine-zolazepam in bitches

Anesthetic quality and cardiovascular and respiratory effects of continuous intravenous infusion of tiletamine-zolazepam in bitches

Continuous infusion in adult females dogs submitted to ovariohysterectomy with midazolam-xylazine and/or medetomidine pre-treated with methotrimeprazine and buprenorphine

Different dissociative anesthesia protocols for coatis (Nasua nasua)

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