“…Previous studies registered incidence rates of 1:20.000 to 1:50.000 live births and prevalence between 1:7.500 and 1:20.000 live births (Meyer-Lindenberg et al, 2006;Sugayama et al, 2007). Initially, the diagnosis of the syndrome is based on clinical criteria such as typical facial dysmorphism during childhood (flat mid-face, periorbital fullness or swelling, upturned nose, prominent cheeks); cardiovascular diseases (supravalvar aortic stenosis); connective tissue and calcium level alterations (Cardoso-Martins & Silva, 2008;Herreros et al, 2007;Jarvinen-Pasley et al, 2008;Martens et al, 2008;Rossi, et al, 2006Rossi, et al, , 2009. However, diagnostic confirmation can only happen by means of cytogenetic examination (Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Test -FISH) (Sugayama et al, 2007).…”