Common bean cultivars and lines interactions with environments

Abstract

The performance of bean lines brought forth in breeding programs or of cultivars in use can be affected by environmental variability. The adaptability and stability of grain yield of 18 common bean cultivars and lines in 23 environments (combinations of seasons, years and locations) were evaluated in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. 'IAC-Carioca' and 'IAC-Carioca Eté' were used as standard cultivars for the carioca grain type, while 'FT-Nobre' and 'IAC-Una' represented the standard for black grains. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with four replications and plots consisting of two, two central five meters rows flanked by border rows. Stability parameters were estimated by the methods Maximum Yield Deviations (MYD) and by the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis (AMMI). For the identification of the most stable cultivars, the two methods led to consistent results, although by MYD the highest stability was always associated to the highest yield. 'MAC-733327' and 'LP 9637' were the most suitable cultivars and lines for the joint seasons, while 'LP 9637' and 'FT-Nobre' were the most suitable for the dry season. The MYD method combined a simple procedure, easiness of result interpretation, uniqueness of parameters, and association between stability and yield. On the other hand, the AMMI method simplified the identification of stable cultivars by visual inspection, also providing information on the environments. However, the complex nature which combines uni-and multivariate techniques hampers its widespread use in breeding programs.

Phenotypic stability in cassava estimated by the AMMI analysis with supplementary genotypes

“…Comparison of AMMI analysis applied to several different cultures indicates that this analysis typically explains 60% of the total variation by the SSGE interaction (Carbonell et al 2004, Kvitschal et al 2007, Gonçalves et al 2010, Barros et al 2013, Costa et al 2013, Mattos et al 2013, Oliveira et al 2014). …”

“…The genotypes described in the current study fit the agronomic stability concept. As such, they should be characterized by a desirable performance, or desirable agronomic characteristics, such as greater height, resistance to damping off, resistance to disease, and high yield (Carbonell et al 2004, Morais et al 2008. Selection by stable and yielding varieties is an indirect way to identify such characteristics.…”

“…Therefore, the study on both adaptability and stability of genotypes is desirable in order to identify those with the most predictable responses to diverse environments. Among the several methodologies to analyze adaptability and stability (Eberhart and Russel 1966, Lin and Binns 1988, Gauch and Zobel 1996, Toler and Burrows 1998, the multivariate AMMI or Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis is the most widely used in Brazil (Carbonell et al 2004, Pacheco et al 2005, Kvitschal et al 2007, Kvitschal et al 2009, Gonçalves et al 2010, Oliveira et al 2010, Mattos et al 2013, Barros et al 2013, Oliveira et al 2014. This method combines analysis of variance and principal components to adjust the main effects (genotypes and environments) and the effects of G×E interactions Vencovsky 2001, Zobel et al 1988).…”

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de feijoeiro-comum com grãos tipo carioca na Região Central do Brasil

“…A contribuição de cada componente principal para explicar a soma de quadrados da interação foi baixa, como normalmente tem sido relatado, inclusive em outras culturas (Rocha et al, 2004(Rocha et al, , 2007. Os três primeiros, em conjunto, explicaram apenas 46% da variação (CP1 = 18%; CP2 = 15%; CP3 = 13%), abaixo dos aproximadamente 60% obtidos por Borges et al (2000), Carbonell et al (2004) e Melo et al (2007), também em feijoeiro-comum. Quando os primeiros componentes principais não explicam um percentual superior a 70% da variação da interação, os resultados são insatisfatórios, e a utilização de modelos com um número maior que três componentes é, do ponto de vista biológico, insatisfatória e de difícil manipulação, em relação aos possíveis benefícios que trariam (Arias et al, 1996;Borges et al, 2000).…”

“…Estudos de estabilidade e adaptabilidade têm sido realizados por meio de diversos métodos, em espécies de importância econômica, inclusive com o feijoeirocomum (Carbonell et al, 2004;Oliveira et al, 2006), e têm auxiliado na indicação de cultivares com alta capacidade produtiva, estabilidade e adaptabilidade. Contudo, estudos dessa natureza com o feijoeirocomum, na Região Central do Brasil, são escassos.…”