Carboidratos não estruturais e acúmulo de forragem em pastagens de Cynodon spp. sob lotação contínua

Carvalho, Carlos Augusto Brandão de; Silva, Sila Carneiro da; Sbrissia, André Fischer; Fagundes, Jaílson Lara; Carnevalli, Roberta Aparecida; Pinto, Luiz Felipe de Moura; Pedreira, Carlos Guilherme Silveira

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162001000400003

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…A produção das gramíneas forrageiras é determinada pelas características estruturais, que, além de determinarem o índice de área foliar, apresentam alta correlação com o consumo de forragem pelos animais em pastejo (Carvalho et al, 2001) (Skinner e Nelson, 1995). Além dessa função, a fração colmo é importante para o crescimento das forrageiras tropicais, estando relacionada com a altura do dossel forrageiro e interferindo na estrutura do dossel e nos processos de competição por luz (Fagundes et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Valor nutricional e características estruturais de gramíneas tropicais sob adubação nitrogenada

et al. 2011

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RESUMOO experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental da Unioeste, Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR, Brasil, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de doses crescentes de N sobre características estruturais e composição química de três gramíneas forrageiras tropicais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3 x 4, com três forrageiras tropicais (Panicum maximum cvs. tanzânia e mombaça, e Brachiaria sp. cv. mulato) e quatro doses de N (0; 40; 80 e 160 kg/ha) tendo como fonte a uréia. Foram avaliados: a altura do dossel, a relação folha/colmo, a proporção de folhas e de colmos na forragem produzida, o diâmetro e a altura do pseudocolmo, e os teores de proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e matéria mineral (MM). Houve efeito das doses de N sobre a altura do dossel e sobre a altura do pseudocolmo, que apresentaram comportamento quadrático. A relação folha/colmo respondeu de forma negativa às doses de N, enquanto o diâmetro do pseudocolmo foi influenciado apenas pelas forrageiras. Para o teor de PB foi constatada significância da interação dos fatores, de forma que na dose de 80 kg/ha de N o capim tanzânia foi superior aos demais. Os teores de FDN responderam de forma quadrática às doses de N, enquanto os teores de FDA foram influenciados apenas pelas forrageiras. SUMMARYThe experiment was carried out in the experimental farm of Unioeste, Marechal Candido Rondon, PR, Brasil, with the objective of evaluate the effects of increasing N doses under structural features and chemical composition of three tropical forage grasses. The experimental design used was of randomized blocks in factorial scheme 3x4, with three tropical forages (Panicum maximum cvs. tanzânia and mombaça, and Brachiaria sp. cv. mulato) and four doses of N (0; 40; 80 and 160 kg/ha) taking urea as N sources. Were evaluated: canopy height leaf/stem ratio, diameter and height of pseudoculm, and contents of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and mineral matter (MM). There was effect of N doses on canopy height and height of pseudoculm that showed quadratic behavior. The leaf/stem ratio responded negatively to N doses, while the diameter of pseudoculm was influenced only by forages. For CP content was found significance of interaction of factors, being that in dose of 80 kg/ha of N the Tanzania grass was higher than the other. The contents of NDF responded of form quadratic to N doses, while the contents of ADF were influenced only by forages. INTRODUÇÃOAs pastagens pela sua praticidade e

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Valor nutricional e características estruturais de gramíneas tropicais sob adubação nitrogenada

et al. 2011

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“…Despite the importance of stored reserves, the number of grazing studies with tropical grasses evaluating organic reserves is not large. Carvalho et al [135] evaluated the concentration and the amount of total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) in three Cynodon spp. cultivars (Tifton-85, Florakirk, and Coastcross) subjected to a range of grazing intensities under continuous stocking represented by the management heights of 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm.…”

Section: Population Dynamics and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiology of C4 Forage Grasses—Understanding Plant Growth for Optimising Their Use and Management

2015

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Grazing management has been the focus of the research with forage plants in Brazil for many years. Only in the last two decades, however, significant changes and advances have occurred regarding the understanding of the key factors and processes that determine adequate use of tropical forage plants in pastures. The objective of this review is to provide an historical overview of the research with forage plants and grasslands in Brazil, highlighting advances, trends, and results, as well as to describe the current state of the art and identify future perspectives and challenges. The information is presented in a systematic manner, favoring an integrated view of the different trends and research philosophies. A critical appraisal is given of the need for revision and change of paradigms as a means of improving and consolidating the knowledge on animal production from pastures. Such analysis idealizes efficient, sound and sustainable grazing management practices necessary to realize the existing potential for animal production in the tropics.

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“…The largest share of pseudostems in the composition of forage produced reduces the leaf:pseudostem ratio in the canopy with an adverse effect on the efficiency of use of pasture, negatively influencing the selective grazing of animals (Carvalho et al, 2001). Therefore, the management, using 95% of light interception, is an effective strategy to offer better-quality forage (Carnevalli et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass accumulation in mombasa guineagrass plants under different levels of nitrogen supply and plant densities

et al. 2012

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen supply and plants densities in the productivity of mombasa guineagrass (Panicum maximum) in the period of establishment. The design was of completely randomized blocks, with 12 treatments and three repetitions, with four nitrogen supplies (absence of application, 80, 160 and 320 kg/ha.year) and three plant densities (9, 25 and 49 plants/m²). The plot was cut at 30 cm from the ground when the sward high intercepted 95% of light. The following items were evaluated: sward height at 95% light interception, interval and number of cuts, dry mass production, total dry mass of leaves, stems and dead material and the morphologic composition. Nitrogen increased the dry mass production and the dry mass of stem in winter and summer, and decreased in the fall. The total dry mass of leaf presented decrease of 19% in the summer between the smallest and biggest densities in the 320 kg/ha. The dry mass of dead material had negative effect of the density in the fall. The leaf percentage increased 88% between the smallest and largest nitrogen level at the plant density of 49 plants/m 2 . Only density influenced the sward height in the condition of 95% of light interception. The number of cuts increased with nitrogen levels in the fall, spring and summer, while the interval of cuts decreased with fertilization in the spring and summer. Nitrogen increases the production of mombasa guineagrass in each cycle.

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Carboidratos não estruturais e acúmulo de forragem em pastagens de Cynodon spp. sob lotação contínua

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Valor nutricional e características estruturais de gramíneas tropicais sob adubação nitrogenada

Valor nutricional e características estruturais de gramíneas tropicais sob adubação nitrogenada

Ecophysiology of C4 Forage Grasses—Understanding Plant Growth for Optimising Their Use and Management

Biomass accumulation in mombasa guineagrass plants under different levels of nitrogen supply and plant densities

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