Topografia do cone medular do sauim (Saguinus midas)

Martins, Danielli Martinelli; Pinheiro, Luane Lopes; Lima, Ana Rita de; Pereira, Luiza Corrêa; Branco, Érika

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782013005000066

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The morphological differences of both the measurement and the topography of the IC, IL, CM and CE among the species described in the literature, show the importance of knowing the location of these structures to apply anesthetics in surgical procedures, which is specific for each species. Silva et al (2013) states that epidural anesthetics should be applied in the lumbosacral region for Callithrix jacchus corroborating the findings of LA for this species, in Saguinus midas it should be applied in the spaces between the vertebral arches of the lumbosacral region (MARTINS et al, 2013), in Sapajus libidinosus, in the epidural space of the lumbosacral region (CORDEIRO et al, 2014) and in Saimiri sciureus in the girdle and pelvic limbs (LIMA et al, 2011a). For A. belzebul, epidural anesthesias should be applied in the lumbosacral region, specifically between L2 and S3 vertebrae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…A similar result was found by Silva et al (2013) for Callithrix jacchus and Cordeiro et al (2014) for Sapajus libidinosus. However, Lima et al (2011a) observed a total of 9 lumbar vertebrae for Saimiri sciureus, and Martins et al (2013) observed 7 lumbar vertebrae for Saguinus midas. Figure 1 -A. belzebul specimen presenting: 7 cervical vertebrae (1); 13 thoracic vertebrae (2); 5 lumbar vertebrae (3); 3 fused sacral vertebrae (4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy of the spinal cord of Alouatta belzebul

Terra¹,

Sabec-Pereira²,

Lima³

et al. 2018

AVB

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Article history The genus Alouatta hosts species popularly known as red-handed howler, presenting wide geographic distribution and being found in several biomes. The objective is to describe the anatomy of the spinal cord of Alouatta belzebul specimens, focusing on the topography of the medullary cone, stressing the cervical and lumbar intumescences and cauda equina, to provide anatomical data and compare it with other species to assist in anesthetic and surgical procedures. Four animals were received for scientific research, post mortem, from the fauna rescue program of the Hydroelectric Plant of Belo Monte-Pará, and they were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. Structures such as the medullary cone, cervical and lumbar intumescence, and cauda equina were photographed (Sony α200-10.2 mpx). After thawing, we measured the specimens and observed a size of 80 to 82 cm from head to toe. After the skin and musculature were removed, it was observed that the spine of all specimens presented 7 cervical, 13 thoracic, 5 lumbar and 3 fused sacral vertebrae. The spinal cord was exposed after the removal of vertebral arches, it has 22 cm length in all animals, presenting the cervical intumescence between C3 and C6 vertebrae, with average of 2.2 cm and lumbar intumescence between T11 and T12 vertebrae, with average of 1.65 cm. The medullary cone is located between T12 and L1 vertebrae, with average of 1.5 cm, and the cauda equina between L1 and S3, with an average of 15 cm. This study has an important role as the basis for epidural anesthesia in the species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of the spinal cord of Alouatta belzebul

Terra¹,

Sabec-Pereira²,

Lima³

et al. 2018

AVB

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“…Tuberosidades coxais (pontos azuis), processo espinhoso da primeira vértebra sacral (ponto vermelho), espaço lombossacro (ponto preto). A localização anatômica do cone medular apresenta-se diferenciada quando comparada com duas outras espécies de primatas, os sauins (Saguinus midas) em que registrou-se a base do cone em L4 e ápice em S2 [13] e o macaco-de-cheiro (Saimiri sciureus) onde a base do cone medular ocorreu em L7-8 e ápice em S3 ou Cc1 [6].…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O valor médio do comprimento do cone medular da espécie Callithrix jacchus (1,4 cm) se apresentou mais próximo ao obtido para o ratão-do-banhado, o qual apresentou um valor médio de 2,0 cm [10], o macaco-prego, no qual foi encontrado valor médio de 2,47 [4], e a preguiça, que apresentou 2,7 cm [7], e significativamente menor do que as médias obtidas para o cachorro-do-mato (10,13 cm) [14], para o cachorro--do-mato-de-orelhas-pequenas (3,9 cm) [15], para o sauim (5,38 cm) [13], para o quati, que apresentou valor de 5,2 a 5,8 cm [5], para o macaco-de-cheiro (3,3 cm) [6], para a paca (3,39 cm) [18], para o javali (Sus serofa serofa), com valor de 3,4 cm [17], para o lobo-marinho (4,4 cm) [9], para o gato mourisco (5 cm) [3], para a ariranha (5,5 cm) [11], para a irara (4,31 cm) [1], para a jaguatirica (8,5 cm) [2], para o guaxinim (5,1 -5,6 cm) [21] e para o lobo-guará (6,5 cm) [8].…”

Section: Animalunclassified

Medullary Conus Topography in White-Tufted-Ear-Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

Salles

Martins

Falcão

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background:The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) belongs to the family Cebidae and Subfamily Callitrichinae, a group formed by the smallest anthropoid primates. It is a very common species and adapts easily to captivity, an aspect that encourages the clandestine capture of these animals and makes them susceptible to wounds resulting from clandestine rearing and inadequate management, so that studies to understand the species are extremely important. With the objective of supplying anatomic bases for the practice of epidural anesthetic, data were studied regarding the topography of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Materials, Methods & Results:The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), PA, Brazil. Ten adult common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were used, 5 males and 5 females, with different causes of death. A round workbench magnifying lamp was used to better visualize the dissecation field. Number 15 scalpel blades, surgical pincers and scissors were used to dissect. After fixing in 10% formaldehyde aqueous solution, dissecation was made along the mid dorsal line, from the cranial thoracic region to the tail base to expose the vertebral arches and measure the intervertebral spaces. The vertebral arches were removed, and consequently the spinal dura mater was exposed, that was sectioned longitudinally to expose the spinal chord and identify the lumbar intumescence, the conus medullaris and the cauda equina. The length of the conus medullaris was measured and its skeletopy was established. The body and tail length data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The mean value of the conus medullaris length was 1.4 cm, while the anatomic location of the conus medullaris varied slightly among the animals, but did not pass the limit between L3 for the base and L6 for the apex. On average, the lumbosacral space measured 3.03 mm, that is sufficient to introduce a needle similar to that used in syringes for insulin injection. The results of this study suggest the lumbarsacral space as location for epidural anesthetic application in Callithrix jacchus, at a safe point situated in the center of an isosceles triangle, the base of which is found when a line is drawn from one side of the pelvis to the other, and the apex corresponds the spinal process of the first sacral vertebra. Discussion: The anatomic location of the conus medullaris is different compared to two other primate species, the red handed tamarin (Saguinus midas), in which the cone base was registered at L4 and the apex at S2, and the common squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) where the conus medullaris base occurs at L7-8 and the apex at S3 or Cc1. However, some similarities with other mammal groups were observed in the conus medullaris topography, such as the black-striped capuchin (Sapajus libidinosus). The mean conus medullaris length of the species Callithrix jacchus of 1.4 cm was close to that observ...

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“…Espécies não carnívoras mas que, assim como L. gymnocercus, também apresentam o CM com a base sobre as vértebras lombares e o ápice sobre as sacrais foram os equinos (Dellmann e McClure 1982a), bovinos (Dellmann e McClure 1982b), suínos (Dellmann e McClure 1982c), ovinos (Santos e Lima, 2000), caprinos (Santos et al, 2001), Agouti paca (Scavone et al, 2007), Mazama gouazoubira , Bradypus variegatus (Lima et al, 2011a), Saimiri sciureus (Lima et al, 2011b), Coendou prehensilis e Saguinus midas (Martins et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Topografia da intumescência lombar e do cone medular em Lycalopex gymnocercus (G. Fischer, 1814)

Souza

Mattos

Carvalho

et al. 2014

RBCV

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ResumoObjetivou-se com este estudo descrever a topografia da intumescência lombar e do cone medular da medula espinhal do graxaim-do-campo (Lycalopex gymnocercus) a fim de estabelecer uma base anatômica para procedimentos de anestesia epidural nesta espécie, bem como fornecer dados para estudos comparativos em neuroanatomia animal. Para tal, foram utilizados cinco espécimes, quatro machos e uma fêmea, recolhidos mortos em rodovias da mesorregião sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, e então fixados e conservados em solução de formaldeído. As macrodissecções e exames radiográficos digitais permitiram observar que a intumescência lombar mediu, em média, 31,40 ± 5,09 mm e ocupou o espaço sobre as vértebras L4 e L5 (80%; n =4) e entre L5 e L6 (20%; n = 1), sendo relativamente pequena se comparada a outras espécies carnívoras. O cone medular revelou dimensões alongadas típicas de canídeos de menor porte. Seu comprimento médio foi 68,28 ± 8,36mm e sua esqueletopia demonstrou base sobre a vértebra L5 e ápice sobre a S3 em quatro indivíduos; em um único espécime a base situou-se sobre L6 e o ápice sobre Cd1. O comprimento do cone medular teve forte correlação positiva com o comprimento rostrossacral (r = 0,8324). Os achados sugerem que a introdução da agulha para fins de anestesia epidural no Lycalopex gymnocercus seja mais segura no espaço sacrocaudal.Palavras-chave: anatomia animal, anestesia epidural, carnívoros silvestres, graxaim-do-campo. AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the topography of the lumbar intumescence and medullary conus in the spinal cord of the pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus), in order to establish anatomical basis for epidural anesthesia procedures in this species, as well as to give data for neuroanatomical comparative studies in animals. For this purpose, five specimens, four males and one female, collected dead from road kills at the southwest region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were embalmed and conserved in formaldehyde solution. Macrodissections and digital radiographs revealed that lumbar intumescence has an average length of 31.40 ± 5,09 mm, lies over L4 and L5 vertebrae and appears relatively shorter in comparison to other carnivore species. The medullary conus has an elongated dimension which seemed to be typical for smaller canids and an average length of 68.28 ± 8,36 mm. Its skeletopy exhibited a basis over L5 and an apices over S3 vertebrae in four specimens; in one individual the basis was over L6 and the apices over Cd1. The findings suggest that needle puncture for epidural anesthesia in Lycalopex gymnocercus is safer if done at the sacrocaudal space.Keywords: animal anatomy, epidural anesthesia, pampas fox, wild carnivores. IntroduçãoLycalopex gymnocercus (G. Fischer, 1814), conhecido por graxaim-do-campo ou raposa-dos-pampas, é um canídeo silvestre com distribuição restrita à região sul do Brasil, leste argentino, Uruguai, leste boliviano e oeste paraguaio. Habita o bioma Pampa e parte dos Campos Gerais (domínio Mata Atlântica) até a área de transição com o Cerrado...

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Topografia do cone medular do sauim (Saguinus midas)

Abstract: RESUMO Primata endêmico do

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Anatomy of the spinal cord of Alouatta belzebul

Anatomy of the spinal cord of Alouatta belzebul

Medullary Conus Topography in White-Tufted-Ear-Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

Topografia da intumescência lombar e do cone medular em Lycalopex gymnocercus (G. Fischer, 1814)

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