Estado nutricional de crianças índias do Alto Xingu em 1980 e 1992 e evolução pondero-estatural entre o primeiro e o quarto anos de vida

Abstract

This study focused on the under-five population of the Alto Xingu region in Brazil, with the following objectives: (1) to evaluate height and weight increment from the first through the fourth years of life and (2) to compare nutritional status in 1980 and 1992. Height and weight increases were evaluated in 81 children. Weight and height were measured in 264 children evaluated in 1980 and in 172 in 1992 (< 10 years of age). Median Z-scores in the first and fourth years of life, respectively, showed: (1) a decrease in weight-for-age, (-0.12 in the first year and -0.51 in the fourth year of life; p = 0.002); (2) a decrease in weight-for-height (+1.31 and +0.08; p < 0.001); (3) an increase in height-for-age (-1.50 and -0.94; p < 0.001). Median Z-scores in 1980 and 1992 showed: (1) no change in weight-for-age (-0.61 in 1980 and -0.62 in 1992; p = 0.90); (2) no change in weight-for-height (+0.27 and +0.34; p = 0.10); and (3) a decrease in height-for-age (-1.04 and -1.22; p = 0.02). Height-for-age increased and weight-for-height decreased between the first and fourth years of life. A decrease in height-for-age was observed from 1980 to 1992, demonstrating the importance of nutritional surveillance among the population of the Alto Xingu.

Estado nutricional de crianças índias terenas: evolução do peso e estatura e prevalência atual de anemia

“…A study of the children of Alto Xingu Indians did not find evidence of increased stature over a twelve-year period from 1980 to 1992. 10 These data underscore the importance of periodical monitoring of the nutritional status of several different population groups, including indigenous groups who are going through a process of changing their cultural characteristics, lifestyle and feeding patterns.…”

“…In an earlier study, 3 it was found that the children of Terenas Indians, from the villages of Limão Verde and Córrego Seco, located in the district of Aquidauana, exhibited a pattern of weight and stature comparable with other groups indigenous to Brazil, characterized by a deficit in height for age and appropriate weight for height. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] A study undertaken of the children of Alto Xingu Indians found that from 1980 to 1992, a statistically significant reduction in median height for age z-score had occurred, 10 emphasizing the importance of periodic assessments of the nutritional status of indigenous groups since cultural changes over the long term could be associated with alterations to the anthropometric pattern of the child population. 4 Iron deficiency anemia presents an elevated prevalence in developing countries, afflicting most often infants, preschool aged children, adolescents and women of a fertile age.…”

Condições de nutrição em crianças Kamaiurá: povo indígena do Alto Xingu, Brasil Central

“…As informações referentes a crianças cujas faixas etárias são compatíveis às desse estudo, publicadas a partir do início da década de 90, apontam magnitudes de dé-ficit de altura bastante variadas (cerca de 10% a 50%) 3,[11][12][13][17][18][19][20] . A prevalência de déficit severo de cres- 13,19,20 .…”

Crescimento físico e perfil nutricional da população indígena Xavánte de Sangradouro-Volta Grande, Mato Grosso, Brasil

“…Um achado relativamente comum dos inquéri- tos antropométricos realizados em comunidades indígenas é o de moderadas ou elevadas prevalências de déficits estaturais em crianças, em geral bastante superiores às médias nacionais 2,3,4,7 . Quanto aos adultos, têm se tornado freqüentes na literatura registros de sobrepeso e obesidade, por vezes atingindo parcelas significativas das comunidades indígenas 5,8,9,10 .…”