Densidade de plantio e genótipos de tomateiro cereja em sistema fechado de cultivo em substrato

Abstract

Plant density and cherry tomato genotypes in closed substrate growing systemThe cultivation of cherry tomato in closed substrate systems (which promote reuse of the drained solution) is fundamental in order to reduce water and fertilizer waste and environmental pollution. However, the literature background is scarce. This work aimed to establish the influence of different plant densities (2.9; 3.9; 4.7; 5.9 and 7.8 plants m -2 ) on growth, yield and fruit quality of two cherry tomato genotypes ('Cereja Vermelho' and 'Flavor Top') grown in rice husk closed growing system. Dry matter production and partitioning of stems, leaves and fruits; number of fruits, average weight and yield; fruit soluble solids content and phytochemicals content (carotenoids, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity) were evaluated. 'Cereja Vermelho' presented higher assimilates allocation into the fruits, higher growth and fruit yield. 'Flavor Top' presented higher soluble solids content, phenolics compounds and antioxidant capacity. The increasing of plant density decreased individual plant growth, had no effect on dry matter partitioning and increased fruit yield per square meter. The plant densities of 5.9 and 7.8 plants m -2 are the most proper for 'Cereja Vermelho' and 'Flavor Top', respectively.

Linear relationships between cherry tomato traits

“…AZEVEDO et al (2010) andPEIL et al (2014) verified an increased cherry tomato production in dense cultures, which corroborated the results found in this study. High density planting leads to a reduction in the number of tomatoes per plant due to increased competition between plants.…”

“…Table 1 -Number of observations (n), minimum, maximum, mean, variance, standard deviation (SD), and coefficient of variation (CV%) of the variables mean fruit length per plant (MFL, in cm), mean fruit width per plant (MFWd, in cm), mean fruit weight per plant (MFW, in g), number of bunches per plant (NBP), number of fruits per bunch (NFB), number of fruits per plant (NFP), and total fruit weight per plant (TFW, in g) observed in two uniformity trails with cherry tomato. Thus, individually, cherry tomato fruits are weak drains (HEUVELINK, 1997;PEIL et al, 2014). The low magnitude linear relationship between the variable TFW and the variables MFL, MFWd, and MFW, and the high magnitude relationship between the variables NBP, NFP, and NFB indicated that, individually, the fruits have little influence on the plant's total production.…”

<b>Trough and pot crop systems with leaching recirculation and defoliation levels for mini tomatoes

“…The Grape cultivar presented a 14 % higher TSS value (7.38) than that measured in the fruits of the Cherry cultivar (6.34). Both values can be considered adequate according to the results obtained by Peil et al (2014) for Cherry-type fruits and Takahashi and Cardoso (2015) for Grape-type fruits. The largest final stem length and the largest dry matter partition for this organ were observed for the Grape cultivar, which on the other hand presented lower dry matter partition to leaves (Table 2).…”

“…In the southern region of Brazil, an important rice producer, rice husk is abundant, as it is the residue of the grain processing industries. Raw rice husk has high aeration space and low chemical activity and can be successfully used as an isolated substrate in recirculating systems for mini tomatoes (Peil, Albuquerque Neto, & Rombaldi, 2014) as well as for other cultivated vegetable fruits such as melon (Duarte, Peil, Bacchis, & Strassburguer, 2008) and zucchini (Strassburger, Peil, Fonseca, Aumonde, & Mauch, 2011).…”

Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system

“…Raw rice husk, a low-cost, easily available material in Rio Grande do Sul, has been used alone as a cultivation substrate with a high degree of success for other fruit plants (Duarte et al, 2008;Strassburger et al, 2011), and even for small tomato varieties (Peil et al, 2014) in closed systems. However, the presence of organic compost at a small ratio in the mixture should increase the substrate buffer capacity and facilitate nutrient solution management, increasing water and mineral nutrients storage capacity and, therefore, enhancing crop yield.…”