RESUMO-Com o objetivo de determinar o efeito da densidade de plantio sobre o crescimento da planta, a produtividade e características químicas relacionadas à qualidade organoléptica das frutas da cultivar de morangueiro Camino Real em sistema hidropônico do tipo nFT, diferentes densidades de plantio foram avaliadas: 15,0; 12,5; 10,7 e 9,3 plantas m -2 , correspondentes ao espaçamento entre plantas de 0,25; 0,30; 0,35 e 0,40 m, sendo fixado o espaçamento entre linhas de 0,18 m. O sistema NFT foi constituído por bancadas de telhas de fibrocimento de 1,10 x 2,44 m, considerando-se cada ondulação côncava da telha como um canal de cultivo. O transplante foi realizado em 26-04-2010, encerrando-se o experimento em 05-01-2011. Avaliaram-se a matéria fresca e seca de folhas, coroa, raízes e frutas, a área foliar, o número de frutas e o peso médio das frutas. Amostras das frutas foram analisadas em relação ao teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST) e à acidez total titulável (ATT). Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o crescimento e a produtividade individual das plantas da cultivar de morangueiro Camino Real não são afetados pela elevação da densidade de plantio, no intervalo entre 9,3 e 15,0 plantas m -2 . o crescimento e a produtividade por unidade de área, bem como a concentração de sólidos solúveis totais e a relação SST/ATT apresentam resposta linear ao incremento da densidade de plantio. Sugere-se a adoção da densidade de 12,5 plantas m -2 , que proporcionaria rendimento mais elevado (2,79 kg m -2 ) de frutas com adequadas características organolépticas e redução no número de mudas necessárias, em relação à densidade de 15,0 plantas m -2 . Existe a necessidade de desenvolver estudos adicionais com a cultivar Camino Real, a fim de promover adaptações no sistema e verificar a viabilidade econômica de seu cultivo em hidroponia. Termos para indexação: Fragaria x ananassa Duch., produção e partição de matéria seca, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável, sistema nFT. PLANT DENSITY, GROWTH, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF STRAWBERRY 'CAMINO REAL' IN HYDROPONICSABSTRACT-Aiming to determine the effect of plant density on plant growth, yield and chemical characteristics related to the organoleptic quality of Camino Real strawberry fruits in nFT hydroponic system, different plant densities were evaluated: 15.0, 12.5, 10.7 and 9.3 plants m -2 , corresponding to the plant space of 0.25, 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 m and a fixed row space of 0.18m. The NFT system consisted of cultivation benches made of 1.10 x 2.44 m cement tile. Each cement tile gutter was considering a growing trough. Setting was on 04/26/2010 and the trial finished data was on 01/05/2011. Fresh and dry matter of leaves, crown, roots and fruit, leaf area, fruit number and medium fruit weigh were evaluated. Fruit samples were analyzed for total soluble solids content (TSS) and titratable total acidity (TTA). based on the results, it can be concluded that growth and yield of individual plants of strawberry cultivar Camino Real are not affect by increasing plant...

The objective of this study was to determine the sample size to estimate the traits mean in cultivars and sowing times, at flowering of rye culture. Ten uniformity trials were performed combining two cultivars in five sowing times. In the flowering of culture, in 100 plants of each uniformity trial, eleven traits were evaluated. The descriptive statistics was calculated and it was determined the sample size to estimate the mean in levels of precision (amplitude of the confidence interval of 95% for 5, 10, …, 35% of the mean) by resampling with replacement. The cob length presented the lowest variability among the eleven traits and, consequently, smaller sample size in both cultivars and five sowing time. There is variability in the sample size to estimate the mean among the traits, cultivars and sowing times. The measurement of 425, 276, 189 and 138 plants in cultivar BRS Progresso and 642, 413, 285 and 211 plants in cultivar Temprano, are enough to estimate the mean amplitude of the confidence interval of 95% maximum of 20, 25, 30 and 35%, respectively, for all the traits and sowing times.

RESUMO: Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar o tamanho ótimo de parcela (Xo) e o número de repetições para avaliar as massas de matéria fresca e seca de centeio (Secale cereale L.), e investigar a variação do Xo entre duas cultivares e cinco épocas de semeadura. Foram conduzidos 30 ensaios de uniformidade. Cada ensaio com dimensões de 6 × 4 m foi dividido em 24 unidades experimentais básicas (UEB) de 1 × 1 m. Foram avaliadas as massas de matéria fresca e seca de centeio nas 720 UEB. O Xo foi determinado pelo método da curvatura máxima do modelo do coeficiente de variação. O número de repetições foi determinado em cenários formados por combinações de tratamentos, delineamentos experimentais e níveis de precisão. Os tamanhos ótimos de parcela para avaliar as massas de matéria fresca e seca de centeio são, respectivamente, 3,43 e 3,82 m 2. Seis repetições são suficientes para avaliar as massas de matéria fresca e seca, em delineamentos inteiramente casualizado e blocos ao acaso com até 50 tratamentos, e possibilitam obter diferença mínima significativa menor ou igual a 20% da média do experimento. Palavras-chave: cultura de cobertura de solo; dimensionamento experimental; ensaio de uniformidade

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to fit the Gompertz and Logistic models for the fresh and dry matter of leaves and the fresh and dry matter of shoots of three lettuce cultivars and indicate the best model to describe their growth in autumn-winter. The lettuce cultivars Gloriosa, Pira Verde, and Stella were evaluated in the autumn-winter of 2016 and 2017, in soilless in a protected environment. After transplantation, the fresh and dry matter of leaves and shoots were weighed every seven days. These dependent variables were fit using the accumulated thermal sum. The parameters of the Gompertz and Logistic models were estimated, the assumptions of the models were verified, the indicators of fit quality and critical points were calculated and the parametric and intrinsic curvature measures quantified. The Logistic and Gompertz models presented a satisfactory adjustment for the fresh and dry matter of leaves and the fresh and dry matter of shoots, for the lettuce cultivars Gloriosa, Pira Verde and Stella, in autumn-winter. The Logistic model best describes the growth of the lettuce cultivars.

The aim of this study was to determine the optimum plot size to evaluate the fresh matter of aerial part of dwarf pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), cultivar IAPAR 43 (Aratã), in scenarios formed by combinations of numbers of treatments, number of replications, and precision levels. The fresh matter of aerial part was weighed on basic experimental units of 1 m × 1 m in three uniformity trials with size of 24 m × 12 m (288 m 2 in each trial). The soil heterogeneity index of Smith was estimated. Also, the optimum plot size was determined by Hatheway's method in scenarios formed by combinations of

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the agronomic performance of nine lettuce cultivars (Gloriosa,

This study aimed to adjust the Gompertz and Logistic nonlinear models for the fresh and dry matter of aerial part and indicate the model that best describes the growth of two rye cultivars in five sowing seasons, as well as to characterize the growth of the cultivars regarding the fresh and dry matter of aerial part. Ten uniformity trials were conducted with the rye crop in 2016. A weekly sampling and evaluation of 10 plants per trial was performed from the time the plants presented one expanded leaf. For each plant, the fresh and dry matter of aerial part were weighed. The Gompertz and Logistic models were adjusted to the accumulated thermal time based on the measures of each trait in each assessment. Also the parameters a, b, and c for each model were estimated and calculated the interval of confidence for each parameter, as well as the inflection points, maximum acceleration, maximum deceleration and asymptotic deceleration. The quality of the model adjustments was verified using the coefficient of determination, Akaike information criterion, and residual standard deviation. The intrinsic nonlinearity and nonlinearity of the parameter effect was quantified. Both models satisfactorily describe the behavior of the fresh and dry matter of aerial part. The Logistic model best describes the growth of rye cultivars. The growth of the cultivars BRS Progresso and Temprano is distinct between sowing seasons. Cultivar BRS Progresso requires a lower thermal time until reaching 50% of its growth when compared to the Temprano cultivar.

La adición de compost orgánico (CO) a la cáscara de arroz cruda (CAC) podría traer beneficios productivos al cultivo del tomate, al conferirle mayor poder buffer y capacidad de retención de agua al sustrato en sistemas con recirculación del lixiviado. Asimismo, es necesaria la elección de variedades que respondan positivamente a la tecnología propuesta. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar los efectos de la adición del CO a la CAC sobre las características físicas y químicas del sustrato [a través de la comparación entre la CAIN (100%) y la mezcla de CAC (80%) + CO (20%)] sobre el crecimiento y el comportamiento productivo de cuatro híbridos de tomate salado [Ivety, Sofhia-F3, Sheila Victoria y Lumi (Sakata® Seed)]. Se evaluaron las características químicas y físicas de los sustratos, la producción (tamaño, número, peso y rendimiento de frutos a lo largo de la cosecha), partición de la materia seca y la concentración de sólidos solubles totales (SST). La adición de CO mejoró las características físicas y químicas del sustrato, pero no afectó las principales variables del crecimiento y de la producción de la hortaliza. Las cuatro variedades presentaron similar crecimiento y rendimiento de frutos pero Sheila Victoria presentó la mayor concentración de SST. El rendimiento obtenido se considera alto, con rangos que van desde 6,3 kg/planta para las variedades Sophya-F3 y Sheila Victoria, 6,5 kg/planta para la variedad Lumi, y 7,6 kg/planta obtenido con la variedad Ivety. Los resultados indican que es innecesaria la adición de CO a la CAC y que las cuatro variedades se adaptan de forma similar al sistema propuesto.