Food consumption by young adults living in Ribeirão Preto, SP, 2002/2004

Abstract

There is evidence showing a close relationship between diet and the occurrence of non-communicable chronic diseases. The present study assessed food consumption in a 2002/2004 cohort of young adults born in 1978/79 in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. The composition of the habitual diet consumed by a sample of 2063 individuals aged 23-25 years was analyzed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire based on studies of prevention of non-communicable chronic diseases. The Dietsys software was used for dietary calculations. In terms of WHO/2003 recommendations, there was a high mean daily consumption of energy from fat (consumption: 35.4%; recommendation: 15-30%), a low mean intake of energy from carbohydrates (47.5%; 55-75%) and a low mean consumption of total fibers (15.2 g; >25 g). Mean intake of energy from fatty acids (10%; <10%) and protein (15.6%; 10-15%) was within recommended limits. When compared to the recommendations of the food pyramid adapted to the Brazilian population, adequate intake was observed only regarding the meat group (consumption: 1.9 portions; recommended: 1-2). There was a low consumption of vegetables (2.9; 4-5), fruits (1.2; 3-5), breads (3.6; 6-9), and dairy products (1.7; 3), with excessive fat and sugar intake (5.7; 1-2). We conclude that the inadequate food consumption observed in this young population may be associated with the development of excess weight and may contribute to the triggering of non-communicable chronic diseases.

Daily intake of dairy products in Brazil and contributions to nutrient intakes: a cross-sectional study

“…Findings from the current analysis of nationally representative data are consistent with studies showing that dairy intake by adolescents and adults within selected areas in Brazil do not meet recommended levels as quantified in the 2006 guidance (18)(19)(20)(21)(22) . For example, in a recent study of adults 18-60 years of age in Northeastern Brazil, the average intake of dairy products was 1·14 servings/d, with the majority of servings consumed as whole milk (22) .…”

Socioeconomic and demographic factors are associated with dietary patterns in a cohort of young Brazilian adults

“…However, it has been validated in second and third generation Japanese-Brazilian adults from São Paulo who have similar dietary habits to those of our population [22,36]. …”

“…The questionnaire was applied, by a nutritionist, only to young adults at the 4th follow-up in 2002–2004, and a photograph album was used to help the subject estimate the portions consumed. Details of study methods have been described by Molina et al [22]. …”

Ingestão alimentar e balanço energético da população adulta de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: resultados da Pesquisa de Nutrição, Atividade Física e Saúde (PNAFS)

“…Segundo esses autores, ingestão de carboidrato abaixo de 47% do total de energia pode estar relacionada com alta prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade, risco que pode ser reduzido com ingestão entre 47 e 64%. Nos dados de adultos jovens de Ribeirão Preto, Molina et al 35 verificaram, diferentemente aos da população de adultos jovens de Niterói, contribuição porcentual de lipídeos superior (35,4%) à recomendada 3 , compensada por menor ingestão de carboidratos (47,5%) e proteínas (15,6%), valores estes bem semelhantes aos encontrados por Rodrigues et al 38 : 15% de proteínas, 37% de lipídeos e 48% de carboidratos. Anselmo et al 39 avaliaram a ingestão energética e protéica (R24h repetido três vezes por semana) em 151 adultos sadios de classe média e residentes em Botucatu, São Paulo.…”