Activity of disinfectants and biofilm production of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Abstract

To verify the occurrence of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats on farms of Pernambuco, Brazil, and in animals slaughtered in two Brazilian cities (Petrolina/PE and Juazeiro/BA), and to characterize the susceptibility profile of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis to disinfectants and antimicrobials, and its relationship with biofilm production were the objectives of this study. 398 samples were tested for sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs, disinfectants, and biofilm production. Among the 108 samples collected on the properties, 75% were positive for C. pseudotuberculosis. Slaughterhouse samples indicated an occurrence of caseous lymphadenitis in 15.66% and 6.31% for animals slaughtered in Petrolina and Juazeiro respectively. With respect to antimicrobials, the sensitivity obtained was 100% for florfenicol and tetracycline; 99.25% for enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and lincomycin; 98.99% for cephalothin; 98.74% for norfloxacin and sulfazotrim; 97.74% for gentamicin; 94.22% for ampicillin; 91.71% for amoxicillin; 91.21% for penicillin G; 89.19% for neomycin and 0% for novobiocin. In analyzes with disinfectants, the efficiency for chlorhexidine was 100%, 97.20% for quaternary ammonium, 87.40% for chlorine and 84.40% for iodine. 75% of the isolates were weak or non-biofilm producers. For the consolidated biofilm, found that iodine decreased biofilm formation in 13 isolates and quaternary ammonia in 11 isolates. The reduction of the biofilm formation was observed for iodine and quaternary ammonium in consolidated biofilm formation in 33% and 28% of the isolates, respectively. The results of this study highlight the importance of establishing measures to prevent and control the disease.

Resistance of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in the Brazilian semiarid environment

“…About the efficacy of the disinfectants, the results of the present study differed from those reported a study based on micro-dilution in plates (Sá et al 2013). Regarding the efficiency of the disinfectants that were used in the currently research, when using quartenary ammonia and chlorhexidine on surfaces (soil, wood, tile and plants), quaternary ammonia was more efficient than chlorhexidine.…”

“…Regarding the efficiency of the disinfectants that were used in the currently research, when using quartenary ammonia and chlorhexidine on surfaces (soil, wood, tile and plants), quaternary ammonia was more efficient than chlorhexidine. Nevertheless in similar study Sá et al (2013) found that chlorhexidine was more efficient than quaternary ammonia. This difference could be due to the controlled laboratory conditions employed or the interference of the organic material used in the substrates.…”

“…The present study corroborates these results. When chlorhexidine was applied to the isolate that was a strong producer of biofilm, its ability was weakened on tiles, wood and vegetation (Sá et al 2013).…”

Infecção por Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis em equinos: aspectos microbiológicos, clínicos e preventivos

“…Essa estrutura é um agregado de microcolônias envoltas por uma matriz de polissacarídeos, formando comunidades organizadas que permitem a comunicação entre si, aderindo a qualquer superfície biológica, o quê poderia explicar parte da resistência à ação dos antimicrobianos e biocidas (O'Toole et al 2000, Olson et al 2002, Hall-Stoodley et al 2004, Clutterbuck et al 2007. Em um estudo mais recente, 398 amostras de C. pseudotuberculosis foram testadas para verificação da formação de biofilme, e 25% delas demonstraram alta ou moderada capacidade de produção de biofilme; de forma interessante, foi verificado que o iodo diminuiu a formação de biofilme em 13 isolados e a amônia quaternária em 11 isolados (Sá et al 2013). Estudos genô-micos realizados com a cepa 258 de Cp.bv equi estão revelando, por exemplo, detalhes dos processos biológicos de resposta a fatores de estresse, como pH ácido, tratamento térmico e concentração osmótica, os quais têm influência direta na formação ou não de biofilme (Soares et al 2013b).…”

In vivo and in vitro expression of five genes involved in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis virulence

“…In Australia, Batey ( 1986 ) found an 8% incidence of this disease in slaughterhouses. Infection rates ranged from 6.31 to 52% in sheep inspected at slaughterhouses in Australia, Canada, the United States and Brazil (Batey 1986 ; Middleton et al 1991 ; Arsenault et al 2003 ; Stoops et al 1984 ; Sá et al 2013 ; Souza et al 2011 ). Meyer ( 2003 ), in an extensive serological investigation involving 1966 goats conducted in 19 municipalities throughout the semi-arid zone of the state of Bahia, found highly variable prevalence, with infection rates ranging from 9.2 to 72.2%.…”