Resistance of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in the Brazilian semiarid environment

Abstract

The semiarid northeast of Brazil contains a unique biome known as caatinga, with a maximum temperature of 40 ºC and a relativity humidity of 56%. The caatinga is characterized by a variety of plants, including Cereus jamacaru Dc (mandacaru), Poincianella microphylla Mart. ex G. Don (catingueira), Pilosocereus gounellei FAC Weber (xique-xique) and Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir (jurema preta). Sheep and goat industries are economically strong in that region, despite the fact that caseous lymphadenitis is highly prevalent. The aim of the present study was to assess the survival and biofilm production of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolates in the environment and under controlled temperatures (28°C, 37°C and 42°C) under different surfaces (plants, soil, wood, wire and thorns). In addition, we investigated the effects of applying the disinfectants chlorhexidine, hypochlorite and quaternary ammonia in soil, tiles, wood and vegetation cover. Four strains of C. pseudotuberculosis were selected (two from goats and two from sheep) for inoculation according to their in vitro biofilm production. Adherence to microplates was used to assess the biofilm-forming ability of the bacteria. Lower survival rates were observed when isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis were subjected to a temperature of 42°C. In terms of caatinga biome plants, contamination of jurema-preta plants resulted in the lowest survival rates. The disinfectant quaternary ammonia promoted a lower inoculum survival in all surfaces. The disinfectants and the higher temperature contributed to the reduction of biofilm production in isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis. knowledge of these patterns is important for the establishment of disease control measures, given the questionable efficacy of the treatment and the immuno-prophylaxis of caseous lymphadenitis.

Activity of Ethanolic and Supercritical Propolis Extracts in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Its Associated Biofilm

“…Four strains of C. pseudotuberculosis were used in this study: the 1002 strain (15)(16)(17)(18), which is the standard strain used for the bacterial genome sequencing project; the VD57 strain, a highly pathogenic isolate (16,19,20); the viscerotropic N1 strain (21); and the CAPJ4 strain, which is a biofilm-producing strain (22)(23)(24). Some characteristics of these strains are listed in Table 1.…”

Brazilian Green Propolis as a Therapeutic Agent for the Post-surgical Treatment of Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep

“…The dye impregnated into the adherent bacterial cells was then eluted with 160 μL of a 33% acetic acid solution. As negative control for this test, we used wells with sterile soybean broth (TSB) and no inoculum, and as positive control, the biofilm-producing C. pseudotuberculosis CAPJ4 strain (GenBank: CP026499.1) (22). The OD of each well was measured at a wavelength of 595 nm.…”

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infections in Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)

“…Transmission of the pathogen occurs via inhalation, ingestion, or through wounds of the thin skin of alpacas [3,4]. Moreover, contamination of the environment after the rupturing of abscesses and the high robustness of the pathogen enable its survival in the environment for a month or even longer [3,34]. Transmission via insects should also be considered a relevant factor [11].…”