Transport of broilers: load microclimate during Brazilian summer

Filho, José Antônio Delfino Barbosa; Queiroz, Marília L. V.; Brasil, Daniel de Freitas; Vieira, Frederico Márcio Corrêa; Silva, Iran J. O.

doi:10.1590/s0100-69162014000300003

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Loading during the afternoon provides the birds with higher thermal load, which remains throughout the night (BARBOSA FILHO et al, 2014). This has been confirmed in the present study, since the lairage time was not a determining factor in reducing the number of dead birds during the night.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Pre-slaughter losses of broilers: effect of time period of the day and lairage time in a subtropical climate

et al. 2015

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Mortality losses of broilers during pre-slaughter operations consists of actual challenge for maintaining world leadership of Brazilian poultry industry. In relation to thermal environment and its influence on abattoirs' handling, some studies has advanced about the knowledge of these variables on poultry welfare. However, few studies was developed in subtropical conditions, considering a joint analysis of involved thermal factors. In this context, the aim of this work was to assess the mortality of broiler chickens transported throughout daily periods and submitted to different lairage time intervals. A trial was conducted in a commercial slaughterhouse at São Paulo state, during 2006. More than 13,000 loads was registered regarding broiler mortality data during pre-slaughter operations, as well as factors which had influence on losses, such as daily periods, lairage time and bioclimatic variables. Higher mortality rates of broiler transportation were registered during afternoon, around 13 birds per truck. Regarding the interaction between daily periods and lairage time at abattoir, during morning and afternoon, the mortality rate was reduced when birds were submitted to a lairage time of two hours in a controlled environment. These results showed the high level of pre-slaughter losses during hottest periods and the importance of environment control during pre-slaughter lairage of broiler chickens, with adoption of increasing time intervals when lairage environment is controlled. Key words: Environmental science, poultry logistics, poultry production, welfare ResumoAs perdas por mortalidade nas operações pré-abate de frangos de corte constituem-se desafios atuais na manutenção da liderança do setor avícola brasileiro no cenário mundial. Com relação ao ambiente térmico e sua influência no manejo em abatedouros, algumas pesquisas têm avançado quanto ao entendimento destas variáveis no bem-estar das aves. Entretanto, poucos estudos foram realizados em condições subtropicais, considerando a análise conjunta dos fatores térmicos envolvidos. Neste contexto, objetivou-se avaliar a mortalidade de frangos de corte, transportados ao longo dos períodos diários e submetidos aos diferentes intervalos de tempo de espera em abatedouro. A pesquisa foi conduzida em Quanto à interação entre períodos diários e tempo de espera em abatedouro, durante o período da manhã e tarde, a mortalidade foi menor quando as aves foram submetidas ao tempo de espera acima de duas horas em galpão climatizado. Tais resultados evidenciam o nível de perdas pré-abate por mortalidade em períodos quentes a importância da ambiência durante a espera pré-abate de frangos de corte, com a adoção de intervalos de tempo maiores quando o ambiente de espera for climatizado.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Pre-slaughter losses of broilers: effect of time period of the day and lairage time in a subtropical climate

et al. 2015

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“…The containers were manufactured without following the same standard; therefore, the adaptations were made for each type of cargo, which causes thermal heterogeneity in the load profile (Nazareno et al, 2015a). Although the types of live transport vehicles and loads (swine, cattle, horses, poultry and goats) in their research were different from those evaluated in this study, Schwartzkopf-Genswein et al (2012) and Barbosa Filho et al (2014) also reported the difficulty in improving the thermal heterogeneity in the transport of these animals because of the lack of truck standardization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite using different trucks, loads and load densities, in the pre-slaughtering of broilers, the industry wets the cargo (poultry) before trips. This practice is performed without the monitoring of thermal conditions (Vieira et al, 2011;Barbosa Filho et al, 2014). However, these practices require supervised thermal conditions during shipments to avoid increasing the air relative humidity without necessity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time web-based microclimate monitoring of broiler chicken trucks on different shifts

Nazareno

Silva

Nunes³

et al. 2020

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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This research aimed to monitor and evaluate air-conditioned trucks transporting day-old chicks, in various shifts of travel, through general packet radio service (GPRS) technology to provide real-time thermal control for poultry industry managers. The Control-Broilers equipment used were GS-105 and the Monitorar Platform. GS-105 is composed of sensors, a microprocessor, GPRS, and batteries. The Monitorar Platform provided nine applications that acted in coordination with web technology RESTful services. Twenty-eight chick transports were evaluated and monitored using the Control-Broilers. Truck routes were supervised by two researchers to ensure real-time data transmission through laptops and smartphones. Three air-conditioned trucks were used during two of days shifts. The vehicles had the same dimensions, but the routes, travel times, and load densities varied. Measurements of the air temperature, relative humidity, and specific enthalpy inside the trucks were recorded every minute. The experimental design was entirely randomized in a 3 × 2 factorial scheme, which represented the three trucks (CL, CA and JA) in two transport shifts (day and night), containing four repetitions (travel).The air-conditioned trucks transporting day-old chicks presented a 92.85% efficiency for real-time data transmission using GPRS technology. The trucks during the travel shifts did not provide thermal homogeneity in chick loads. The night shift presented worse thermal conditions.

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“…The sensor units made of 2, 3 and 4 tetralayers of PANI/GO/PANI/ZnO were tested for detecting ammonia (NH 3 ) in a relative humidity (RH) set as 65%. The choice of this humidity value was made because previous investigations reported in the literature [50,51] indicated that the ideal relative humidity in broiler poultry houses should range between 50 and 70%; lower values can result in a dusty house, while higher values could result in wet litter and higher ammonia concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid layer-by-layer (LbL) films of polyaniline, graphene oxide and zinc oxide to detect ammonia

André

Shimizu

Miyazaki

et al. 2017

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Reliable gas sensors operating at room temperature are in demand for monitoring the environment for hazardous pollutants, such as ammonia (NH 3) gas that may become toxic to humans and animals above a threshold concentration. In this paper we report on the combination of three materials, namely polyaniline (PANI), graphene oxide (GO) and zinc oxide (ZnO), to produce hybrid layer-by-layer (LbL) films used for sensing NH 3 with impedance spectroscopy measurements. The deposition of tetralayered PANI/GO/PANI/ZnO LbL films was confirmed with UV-vis. absorption and Raman spectroscopies, while atomic force microscopy (AFM) served to investigate film morphology. Exposure of these LbL films to NH 3 caused film roughness to vary, in an effect that depended on the number of tetralayers. Because of synergy in the materials properties, the films with 3 tetralayers were found to be the most adequate for detecting NH 3 in the range from 25 ppm to 500 ppm with a response time of 30 s. These figures of merit are adequate for monitoring working environments regarding gas exposure, and highlight the usefulness of the control of film architecture provided by the LbL technique.

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Transport of broilers: load microclimate during Brazilian summer

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Pre-slaughter losses of broilers: effect of time period of the day and lairage time in a subtropical climate

Pre-slaughter losses of broilers: effect of time period of the day and lairage time in a subtropical climate

Real-time web-based microclimate monitoring of broiler chicken trucks on different shifts

Hybrid layer-by-layer (LbL) films of polyaniline, graphene oxide and zinc oxide to detect ammonia

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