Murcha-bacteriana: disseminação do patógeno e efeitos da doença sobre a clonagem do eucalipto

Máfia, Reginaldo Gonçalves; Alfenas, Acelino C.; Filho, Ricardo Miguel Penchel; Ferreira, M. A.; Alfenas, Rafael Ferreira

doi:10.1590/s0100-67622012000400002

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Las plantas más propensas a la enfermedad son aquellas con sistema radicular malformado, con heridas en el tronco o base del tallo. La enfermedad ha sido observada tanto en vivero como en el campo (Coutinho et al 2000, Alfenas et al 2006, 2009, Mafia et al 2012. Epidemiología.…”

Section: Marchitamiento Vascular Causado Por Bacteriasunclassified

“…Pese a esto, no se ha comprobado un claro efecto de la rotación sobre la ocurrencia de la enfermedad (Mafia et al 2012), probablemente debido a la presencia de inóculo aún en situaciones sin precedentes del cultivo. Esta bacteria puede diseminarse a largas distancias por medio de material propagativo infectado, o diseminarse a cortas distancias por herramientas e insectos (Mafia et al 2012). La infección ocurre a través de heridas en el sistema radicular, siendo favorecida por alta temperatura y humedad en el suelo.…”

Section: Marchitamiento Vascular Causado Por Bacteriasunclassified

“…Esto constituye una posible vía de entrada para las bacterias que, si cambian las condiciones ambientales y se da la presencia de agua libre en el suelo, pueden infectar la planta (Alfenas et al 2006). Situación similar se genera en el microclima de viveros clonales, donde se alternan períodos de altas temperaturas con riegos frecuentes, lo que es ideal para la supervivencia y multiplicación de las bacterias, desarrollándose así varios ciclos de la enfermedad (Mafia et al 2012).…”

Section: Marchitamiento Vascular Causado Por Bacteriasunclassified

“…La marchitez bacteriana ocasionada por R. solanacearum presenta una amplia distribución geográfica, es generalizada en todas las regiones templadas, tropicales, subtropicales y cálidas del mundo (Mafia et al 2012…”

Section: Marchitamiento Vascular Causado Por Bacteriasunclassified

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Enfermedades bacterianas de eucaliptos: Estado actual del conocimiento

Palladino

Pérez

2016

Bosque (Valdivia)

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SUMMARYIn recent years there has been a substantial increase in health problems on Eucalyptus spp. plantations elsewhere. Several diseases are currently affecting this crop, predominantly those caused by fungi. However, bacterial diseases have globally increased in importance. Eucalyptus plant pathogenic bacteria can cause: i) leaf spots, ii) shoot blight and iii) vascular wilt. Bacterial leaf spots have been associated with genera Xanthomonas, Pseudomonas, Erwinia, Pantoea and Rhizobiaceae, being Xanthomonas axonopodis the predominant species. Bacterial die-back of bacterial shoot blight can be caused by several species, namely Erwinia psidii, Pantoea ananatis, Enterobacter cowanii, Xanthomonas campestris and X. vasicola, whereas vascular wilt has been associated with Ralstonia solanacearum and Erwinia psidii. These diseases represent a potential risk for forestry production, as reported in different climatic zones worldwide causing serious economic loss, in both nursery and field, affecting a wide host range in the genus Eucalyptus, and some species of Psidium. In addition, the effective dissemination of these bacterial diseases makes controlling them difficult, thus the deployment of genetic resistance germplasm is strongly recommended to minimize the impact of these diseases.Key words: plant pathogenic bacteria, leaf spots, die-back, vascular wilt. RESUMENEn los últimos años se ha observado un aumento sustantivo de las problemáticas sanitarias en las plantaciones de Eucalyptus spp. (eucalipto) Diversas enfermedades afectan actualmente a este cultivo, predominando aquellas causadas por hongos. Sin embargo, las enfermedades de origen bacteriano han aumentado su importancia a nivel mundial. Las bacterias fitopatógenas en eucalipto pueden causar: i) manchas foliares, ii) tizón apical y iii) marchitamiento vascular. En el mundo, las manchas foliares bacterianas han sido asociadas a los géneros Xanthomonas, Pseudomonas, Erwinia, Pantoea y Rhizobiaceae, siendo Xanthomonas axonopodis la especie predominante. El tizón bacteriano puede ser causado por distintas especies bacterianas, Erwinia psidii, Pantoea ananatis, Enterobacter cowanii, Xanthomonas campestris y X. vasicola. Mientras que el marchitamiento vascular ha sido asociado a Ralstonia solanacearum y Erwinia psidii. Estas enfermedades representan un potencial riesgo para la producción forestal, ya que han sido reportadas en diversas zonas climáticas del mundo ocasionando graves pérdidas económicas, tanto en vivero como en campo, pudiendo afectar un amplio rango de hospederos dentro del género Eucalyptus, como también algunas especies del género Psidium. Sumado a esto, las bacterias se diseminan con facilidad dificultando su control, por lo que la principal medida de manejo es la utilización de germoplasma con mejor comportamiento sanitario.Palabras clave: bacterias fitopatógenas, manchas foliares, tizón apical, marchitamiento vascular. INTRODUCCIÓNLa superficie plantada con eucalipto (Eucalyptus spp.) ha ido en aumento a nivel mundial, superando actualmente los...

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Section: Marchitamiento Vascular Causado Por Bacteriasunclassified

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Enfermedades bacterianas de eucaliptos: Estado actual del conocimiento

Palladino

Pérez

2016

Bosque (Valdivia)

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“…Recent observations of bacterial wilt in eucalypts indicate the existence of potential primary inoculum sources in the formation and management of clonal mini-gardens. The hypotheses include the transmission of the pathogen through seedlings with latent or quiescent infections, through rooting substrate, irrigation water, or even through weeds naturally present in the nurseries (MAFIA et al, 2012).…”

Section: Ralstonia Solanacearum Races and Biovars In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum populations in Brazil

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT:Ralstonia solanacearum is a gram-negative soil-borne bacterium capable of infection of hundreds of vegetable species over more than 50 botanical families, causing bacterial wilt, except for bananas, when the disease is called Moko. It deserves special attention, from all other plant pathogenic bacteria, for its high phenotypic and genotypic plasticity, a characteristic that makes disease control extremely difficult. In this context, frequent and necessary surveys are conduct in the attempt of characterizing the prevailing strains of R. solanacearum in each region where the disease has been reported. However, knowledge about occurrence and diversity of R. solanacearum in Brazil is fragmented and in some cases, based on inconclusive studies with few strains, little representative of a given region. The need to obtain a greater picture guided this review. The occurrence of this bacterium in Brazilian States and the possible causes for its dissemination are presented, with emphasis on studies of genetic variability of populations of R. solanacearum in the country. The compiled results report a wide distribution of the bacterium in Brazil and great variability of its populations among locations. Partly due to the difficulty of detecting small titer of bacteria in samples, paucity of information about the origin of inoculum in certain regions is observed, as well as the need for detecting the presence of the pathogen in asymptomatic plants, potato tubers with latent infections, soil, and water, which are the major causes of bacterial dissemination into areas without any disease history.

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Recognising ceratocystis disease symptoms in a Eucalyptus pellita nursery

Indrayadi,

Glen,

et al. 2023

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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Early recognition of symptoms of infection is essential to prevent diseases from spreading through nurseries and into planted systems. In plantations, symptoms of Ceratocystis manginecans infection are typically wilt and canker but symptoms may differ at the nursery stage and as yet have not been described for Eucalyptus pellita. In this study, disease symptoms were recorded over a three-month period in an E. pellita nursery and isolates trapped. Then, to clearly identify those relating to ceratocystis disease and any related mortality, two C. manginecans isolates were re-inoculated by either spraying or dipping of healthy plantlets raised by tissue culture and mini-cuttings. Many disease symptoms were observed in the nursery but only perithecia on the leaves and stems was a clear indication of the presence of a Ceratocystis pathogen. Nine pathogenic fungal species, including C. manginecans, were isolated and identified by DNA analysis. Koch’s postulates indicated that leaf blight associated with C. manginecans was black-brown in colour, irregular, with uneven edges and surrounded by a yellow margin or halo on the upper leaf surface. Mortality following inoculation of plantlets by spraying immediately after planting was > 70%; by contrast, mortality of mini-cuttings was < 50% if spraying was done just before transplanting but < 20% if done 7 or 14 days after transplanting. Isolate EP313C caused significantly greater mortality than isolate EP106C. The research showed that C. manginecans and other pathogens were present in the nursery environment and must be identified and managed as part of good nursery practice.

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Murcha-bacteriana: disseminação do patógeno e efeitos da doença sobre a clonagem do eucalipto

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Enfermedades bacterianas de eucaliptos: Estado actual del conocimiento

Enfermedades bacterianas de eucaliptos: Estado actual del conocimiento

Occurrence and diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum populations in Brazil

Recognising ceratocystis disease symptoms in a Eucalyptus pellita nursery

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