Influence of rootstocks and pruning times on yield and on nutrient content and extraction in 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of rootstocks and pruning times on yield and on nutrient content and extraction by pruned branches and harvested bunches of 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine in subtropical climate. The rootstocks 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6', and '106-8 Mgt' were evaluated. Treatments consisted of a combination between five rootstocks and three pruning times. At pruning, fresh and dry matter mass of branches were evaluated to estimate biomass accumulation. At harvest, yield was estimated by weighing of bunches per plant. Branches and bunches were sampled at pruning and at harvest, respectively, for nutrient content analysis. Nutrient content and dry matter mass of branches and bunches were used to estimate total nutrient extraction. 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine grafted onto the 'IAC 572' rootstock had the highest yield and dry matter mass of bunches, which were significantly different from the ones observed in 'Niagara Rosada'/'IAC 313'. 'Niagara Rosada' grafted onto the 'IAC 572' rootstock extracted the largest quantity of K, P, Mg, S, Cu, and Fe, differing from 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 766' in K and P extraction, and from '106-8 Mgt' in Mg and S extraction. Winter pruning results in higher yield, dry matter accumulation by branches, and total nutrient content and extraction.

Shoot topping of ‘Niagara Rosada’ grapevine grafted onto different rootstocks

“…The difference in vigor between rootstocks had no significant influence over the number of clusters, yield and grapevines productivity, as it was observed in other studies (Alvarenga et al, 2002;Tecchio et al, 2014;Bruna and Back, 2015). The highest vigor from 'IAC 572' rootstocks when compared to 'IAC 766' favors the production of 'Niagara Rosada' (Mota et al, 2009).…”

“…As it was the case regarding productive characteristics, the rootstocks effect on the grape chemical composition may be related to factors such as vigor, water and nutrient absorption capacity, resistance to diseases and interaction with the canopy. Thus, this effect can directly influence the plants primary and secondary metabolites and, consequently, the quality of the grapes (Dias et al, 2012;Lee and Steenwerth, 2013;Tecchio et al, 2014).…”

Rootstocks Effects on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Bordô, Isabel and Iac 138-22 Máximo Must and Wine

“…Rootstocks differ widely in vigor as a result of different nutritional requirements and capacity for water and nutrient absorption because its roots have selectivity in absorption of ions in the soil solution that can directly influence the yield and quality characteristics of the vine (TECCHIO et al, 2014). Although the 'IAC 766' rootstock is considered more vigorous than the '106-8 Mgt' rootstock, there was no significant difference in determined characteristics of both must and wine in this study, corroborating with the results obtained by Silva et al (2015), who also found few effect of the 'IAC 766' and '106-8 Mgt' rootstocks in the must and white wine of the IAC 166-31 'Rainha', IAC 21-14 'Madalena' and 'BRS Lorena' cultivars.…”

“…There was a reduction in the total acidity of the wine in relation to must in the Isabel and IAC 138-22 Máximo vines, this may have occurred as a result of precipitation of potassium hydrogen tartrate and/or the reduction of malic acid during malolactic fermentation (MANFROI et al, 2006 Castilhos et al (2013) and Tecchio et al (2007), 3.25, 3.3, and 3.21, respectively, are below those obtained in this study, however, closer to those seen with '106-8 Mgt' rootstock.…”

“…Both in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil largest wine producer, and in the state of São Paulo, especially in the eastern region of the state around the city of Jundiaí, V. labrusca varieties, such as 'Isabel' and 'Bordô', represent an important portion of the cultivation area of grapes and production of wines (RIZZON;TECCHIO et al, 2007). With the increase in rural tourism and the growing interest in artisanal wine, the hybrid wine grape IAC 138-22 'Máximo' has become an important grape in recent years in wine-producing areas in the east of the state of São Paulo (HERNANDES et al, 2010).…”