Formulação do fungo Coniothyrium minitans para controle do mofo-branco causado por Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Abstract

O fungo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, agente causal do mofo-branco, tem controle dificultado pela longevidade de seus escleródios no solo. Uma estratégia alternativa de controle é o uso do fungo antagonista Coniothyrium minitans, que parasita os escleródios de S. sclerotiorum e reduz a incidência da doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma formulação com C. minitans capaz de controlar o mofo-branco. Para tanto, picnídios deste fungo foram encapsulados com diferentes polímeros (alginato de sódio e pectina cítrica), caulim e substratos naturais (farinha de trigo e celulose). Das combinações obtidas, a formulação que continha 0,5% de alginato, 1,5% de celulose e 5% de caulim apresentou os melhores resultados quanto à viabilidade do fungo e controle da doença. Os grânulos da formulação armazenados a 4ºC apresentaram 100% de viabilidade do fungo. Nos grânulos armazenados a 28ºC, o fungo perdeu capacidade de crescer após os primeiros dois meses. O fungo formulado foi capaz de esporular sobre os grânulos incubados em meio de cultura BDA e no solo, como também foi capaz de reduzir a incidência da doença.

Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on Fungi <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> and <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>, Pure and Encapsulated, and Bio-Insecticide Action on <i>Diatraea saccharalis</i>

“…The technique of using sodium alginate is based on the formulation of a gel from the reaction that occurs between certain metal cations such as calcium (Ca 2+ ), and an aqueous solution of sodium alginate [35]. The gel formed is biochemically inert and has a porosity that is dependent on the type of alginate and metal ion used.…”

Development of a powder formulation of Aspergillus parasiticus for dry inoculation of peanut kernels

“…Dried formulations of fungi have been used successfully at the biological control of insects (Knudsen et al, 1990), weeds (Walker & Connick Jr., 1983), nematodes (Salgado & Campos, 1993), and soil-borne pathogens (Lewis et al, 1996;Moretini & Melo, 2007). The technique presented in this paper provides a method for the dry inoculation of peanut kernels with A. parasiticus that circumvents the drawbacks of the more common techniques.…”

“…Campb. (Moretini & Melo, 2007) were very stable in dried formulations that used kaolin as filler of alginate pellets for periods ranging from eight to 14 months stored at 4 o C. Viability of propagules of these fungi was 100% for up to 1 year.…”

Selection of anti-wetting agents and photoprotectants compatible with a soybean weed control bioagent

“…Formulation is the way in which the active ingredient is presented in an effective physical form. It begins with the production of the pathogen, and continues through the addition of products (adjuvants) that aim to stabilize the biological agent during storage, facilitate product handling and application, protect the bioagent from environmental factors, and increase pathogen activity, boosting its reproduction, contact and interaction with the target host (Morentini and Melo, 2007;Almeida et al, 2008). Mass production of B. euphorbiae and the pre-stages in obtaining a bio-herbicide have already been investigated and established (Penariol et al, 2008a;Machado et al, 2013;Moraes et al, 2014).…”