A experiência da queimadura na perspectiva do paciente

Abstract

RESUMENEn este estudio se tuvo como objetivos identificar las situaciones vivenciadas por pacientes quemados, percibidas por ellos durante el internamiento como significantes e identificar los sentimientos y consecuencias derivadas de las situaciones relatadas. La Técnica del Incidente Crítico fue utilizada para recolectar datos a partir de relatos de hechos observados y vivenciados previamente por los pacientes. Treinta pacientes fueron sometidos a una entrevista semi estructurada. Las situaciones identificadas como significantes se categorizaron de la siguiente forma: sentir dolor y tener que someterse a procedimientos; vivir una experiencia nueva, recibir apoyo de la familia y del equipo y conocer la situación de otras personas quemadas. Los sentimientos y comportamientos relatados fueron: ansiedad y miedo, sufrimiento y confort al ver a otras personas en peores condiciones. La vivencia de esa experiencia trajo como consecuencias: cambio de valores, en el estilo de vida, en el papel social y en la salud. DESCRIPTORESQuemaduras/reabilitación. Atención de enfermería. Hospitalización. Emociones. RESUMOEste estudo teve como objetivos identificar as situações vivenciadas por pacientes queimados, percebidas por eles durante a internação como significantes, e identificar os sentimentos e conseqüências decorrentes das situações relatadas. A Técnica do Incidente Crítico foi utilizada para coletar dados com base nos relatos de fatos observados e vivenciados previamente pelos pacientes. Trinta pacientes foram submetidos à entrevista semi-estruturada. As situações identificadas como significantes foram categorizadas da seguinte forma: sentir dor e ter que se submeter a procedimentos; viver uma experiência nova, receber apoio da família e da equipe e conhecer a situação de outras pessoas queimadas. Os sentimentos e comportamentos relatados foram: ansiedade e medo, sofrimento e conforto ao ver outras pessoas em piores condições. A vivência dessa experiência trouxe como conseqüên-cias: mudanças de valores, no estilo de vida, no papel social e na saúde.

Translation and cultural adaptation of the Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire for burn victims in Brazil

“…The contribution of this study is to describe the operation of each of the steps of this methodological process and show the internal consistency of the items in the pre-test. (1) . The disfigurement is an effect of the change in appearance of the burn trauma, which can be considered outside of the expected social standards and lead to rejection and social isolation, decreased selfesteem, stigmatization, anxiety and depression (2)(3) .…”

Biopsychosocial factors that interfere in the rehabilitation of burn victims: integrative literature review

“…According to two studies with a correlation design (evidence level VI), emotional support is associated with better rehabilitation and quality of life (37)(38) (12,(20)(21) , family (7,12,20,(22)(23)(24) , friends (7,20,22) , significant relationships (9,(24)(25)(26)(27) ; religion (23) ; spirituality (7,20,28) , psychological (29)(30) ; community (26,(31)(32)(33) ; economic (27,34) E-VII family (35)(36) ; friends (35) related with better integration in domestic and social activities, as burns victims would perform their activities independently (39) .…”

“…These (40) ; coping strategies (40) E-VI Mental health condition before the accident (24)(25)27,34,37,(41)(42) ; previous negative experiences (31,43) ; drugs abuse (25)(26) ; previous organic brain syndromes (25) ; psychological development (25,30) ; coping strategies (7,9,12,25,28,(30)(31)44); self-esteem (8,32) E-VII Mental health condition before the accident (45) ; previous organic brain syndromes (45) ; coping strategies (36) ; self-esteem (35) The results of some descriptive correlation studies show a statistically significant association between worse mental health condition before the accident and impaired psychosocial adaptation in the rehabilitation phase (24,37,41) . Factors related with the treatment experience, including painful procedures experienced while in hospital, involvement in self-care and unreal expectations in the rehabilitation phase, are shown in Figure 3 and were mentioned in four studies.…”

“…Factors related with the treatment experience, including painful procedures experienced while in hospital, involvement in self-care and unreal expectations in the rehabilitation phase, are shown in Figure 3 and were mentioned in four studies. E-VI Meanings attributed to procedure experience during hospitalization (9,29) ; self-care encouragement (31) E-VII Unreal expectations during rehabilitation (45) E-VI Post-traumatic stress (6,10,46) anguish (30,33,47) ; psychological vulnerability and feelings of threat (30) ; anxiety (12,31) ; dissatisfaction with body image (48)(49) ; depressão (25,34) E-VII Post-traumatic stress (45) Factors related with burn trauma and severity…”

“…Burns victims feel exposed due to the skin injury, which exposes them to pathogens, deformations, fluid loss and risk of death, as well as due to the feeling of powerlessness and guilt for the accident (7)(8) . The following have been described as feelings associated with burn trauma: anguish, stress, fear, anxiety, which can hamper coping with the situation, that is, rehabilitation (9)(10)(11)(12) .…”