Naturally occurring lectins in the haemolymph of panstrongylus megistus (Hemiptera: Reduvidae)

Glycosylation on proteins of the intestine and perimicrovillar membrane of Triatoma (Meccus) pallidipennis, under different feeding conditions

“…Lectins are reported to be important in several parasite–vector systems (Hernandez et al ., ; Grubhoffer & Noriega, ; Schoppert et al ., ) allowing the establishment and subsequent development of parasites in the midgut and hemolymph (Ibrahim et al ., ; Barracco & Loch, ; Mello et al ., ; Basseri et al ., ). Mannose residues in the digestive tract of triatomines (Alves et al ., ; Gutierrez‐Cabrera et al ., ) could be involved in the recognition of T. cruzi epimastigotes.…”

“…Lectins are reported to be important in several parasitevector systems (Hernandez et al, 1986;Grubhoffer & Noriega, 1995;Schoppert et al, 1996) allowing the establishment and subsequent development of parasites in the midgut and hemolymph (Ibrahim et al, 1984;Barracco & Loch, 1988;Mello et al, 1999;Basseri et al, 2002).…”

“…Lectin-glycans interactions are essential for many parasites to establish in the midgut or hemolymph of their vectors (Ibrahim et al, 1984;Barracco & Loch, 1988;Jacobson & Doyle, 1996;Schoppert et al, 1996;Mello et al, 1999;Basseri et al, 2002;Koosha et al, 2013). More recently a wide variety of glycosylated proteins have been identified in all developmental stages of Trypanosoma cruzi (the causative agent of Chagas' disease) that may interact with their triatomine insect vectors (Bonay et al, 2001;de Lederkremer & Agusti, 2009;Gonzalez et al, 2013;Alves et al, 2017).…”

Carbohydrate‐binding specificities of anti‐erythrocyte lectins (haemagglutinins) in Anopheles gambiae gut extracts and haemolymph

“…Due to the social and economic importance of the diseases caused by those organisms, interest has been focused on insect haemolymph or gut extract haemagglutinins involved in carbohydrate-binding specificities, because it is considered that they could exert an influence on host-parasite interactions in the appropriate vectors (Molyneux & Killick-Kendrick, 1987;Maudlin, 1991). Haemagglutinins occur in the haemolymph and gut of haematophagous insects such as tsetse flies -Glossina (Ibrahim et al, 1984;Ingram & Molyneux, 1988, 1990, sandflies -Phlebotomus (Wallbanks et al, 1986) and Triatomine bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) (Pereira et al, 1981;Barracco & Loch, 1988;Gomes et al, 1988). In addition, anti-parasite agglutinins have been detected in midgut extracts (Ibrahim et al, 1984;Wallbanks et aI., 1986).…”

Metalloproteases in Trypanosoma rangeli-infected Rhodnius prolixus

“…Gregorio and Ratcliffe (1991), using in vitro activation of the prophenoloxidase (proPO) system, demonstrated that the susceptibility of R. prolixus to T. rangeli haemolymph infection, at least in part, may have been associated with the suppression of the activation of proPO in the presence of this flagellate. On the other hand, several authors suggest that agglutinins and/or lectins of different insects are important for both the establishment of infection and the development of the parasites in the gut and/or haemolymph of the vectors (Ibrahim et al 1984, Wallbanks et al 1986, Barraco & Loch 1988, Ingram & Molyneux 1990, Welburn & Maudlin 1990, Mello et al 1999.…”