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Cited by 15 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…And, in immunocompromised patients, relapse of leishmaniasis was observed after being considered cured and having long lived outside of endemic areas (46)(47)(48). The identification of antigens or epitopes associated with antileishmanial IgG4 response is of great interest, considering that the presence of this antibody isotype reflects the lack of immunity in AVL patients.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…And, in immunocompromised patients, relapse of leishmaniasis was observed after being considered cured and having long lived outside of endemic areas (46)(47)(48). The identification of antigens or epitopes associated with antileishmanial IgG4 response is of great interest, considering that the presence of this antibody isotype reflects the lack of immunity in AVL patients.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first American Leishmania -HIV-coinfected patient was reported in Brazil [8] 5 years after the first world report in 1985 in southern Europe [9]. Since then, many other coinfected cases have been reported in other Latin American countries (Table 1).…”
Section: Epidemiologymentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Cases of CL apparently due to naturally occurring hybrid parasites (L. braziliensis x L. panamensis and L. braziliensis x L. guyanensis) have also been reported recently from Nicaragua (71) and Venezuela (41), respectively. Recently, VL and disseminated CL due to L. braziliensis complex parasites have been reported in persons with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection (5,6,32,70,74,94,179,204,219,228,231,255,280) or in those being treated with immunosuppressant drugs (13). In summary, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the clinical expression of leishmanial infection in the human host is dependent on a number of different factors, of which the parasite species is only one.…”
Section: The Human Leishmaniases Clinical Forms and Etiologymentioning
confidence: 99%