Detection of specific antibody isotypes and subtypes before and after treatment of American visceral leishmaniasis

Matta, Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro da; Hoshino‐Shimizu, Sumie; Dietze, Reynaldo; Corbett, Carlos Eduardo Pereira

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2825(2000)14:1<5::aid-jcla2>3.0.co;2-f

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Besides, parasites are scanty and are found in only one-third of the patients (23,34). Parasites are extremely difficult to demonstrate in the hypopigmented macuoles, which may be the initial manifestation of PKDL (6,28,46). The disease is therefore often misdiagnosed as leprosy, a coendemic disease that resembles PKDL both clinically and pathologically (8,12,40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore difficult to differentiate a positive test result for suspected PKDL from a previous case of VL, limiting the value of these methods in areas of endemicity. Recent studies investigating the pathogenic significance of leishmanial antigen (LAg)-specific Ig isotypes and IgG subclasses have revealed variations in the diagnostic sensitivities and specificities of these antibodies in the sera of patients with kala-azar (2,4,6,43). The levels of these isotypes are significantly elevated during disease and undergo a differential decline following resolution of the infection (3,4,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies investigating the pathogenic significance of leishmanial antigen (LAg)-specific Ig isotypes and IgG subclasses have revealed variations in the diagnostic sensitivities and specificities of these antibodies in the sera of patients with kala-azar (2,4,6,43). The levels of these isotypes are significantly elevated during disease and undergo a differential decline following resolution of the infection (3,4,6). Furthermore, the antigen-specific pattern of isotype reactivity of sera from patients with kala-azar (41,48) indicates the potential utility of these isotypes not only for the diagnosis of kala-azar but also for monitoring of the effectiveness of treatment for kala-azar.…”

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confidence: 99%

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LeishmaniaPromastigote Membrane Antigen-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunoblotting for Differential Diagnosis of Indian Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis

et al. 2005

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Diagnosis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), caused by Leishmania donovani, is difficult, as the dermal lesions are of several types and resemble those caused by other skin diseases, especially leprosy. Since the disease generally appears very late after the clinical cure of kala-azar in India, it is also difficult to correlate PKDL with a previous exposure to L. donovani. Very few attempts have been made so far to diagnose PKDL serologically, and the diagnostic methods vary in their sensitivities and specificities. Diagnosis of PKDL through sophisticated PCR methods, although highly sensitive, has limited practical use. We have developed a serodiagnostic method using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect specific immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes and IgG subclass antibodies in the sera of Indian PKDL patients. Our assay, which uses L. donovani promastigote membrane antigens, was 100% sensitive for the detection of IgG and 96.7% specific for the detection of IgG and IgG1. Optical density values for individual patients, however, demonstrated wide variations. Western blot analysis based on IgG reactivity could differentiate patients with PKDL from control subjects, which included patients with leprosy, patients from areas where kala-azar is endemic, and healthy subjects, by the detection of polypeptides of 67, 72, and 120 kDa. The recognition patterns of the majority of serum samples from patients with PKDL were also distinct from those of the serum samples from patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL), at least for a 31-kDa polypeptide. To further differentiate patients with PKDL from those with active and cured VL, we analyzed the specific titers of the Ig isotypes and IgG subclasses. High levels of IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 antibodies significantly differentiated patients with PKDL from patients cured of VL. The absence of antileishmanial IgE and IgG4 in patients with PKDL differentiated these patients from those with active VL. These results imply intrinsic differences in the antibodies generated in the sera from patients with PKDL and VL.

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LeishmaniaPromastigote Membrane Antigen-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunoblotting for Differential Diagnosis of Indian Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis

et al. 2005

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“…The detection of IgG antibodies with the TES-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the preferred method 3 . In follow-up studies after chemotherapy, however, these IgG antibodies were observed to be unsuitable as an immunological marker for therapeutic assessment, because they remained persistently for years 4,22 , as occurs in most parasitic infections 15 . In our previous work, IgG antibodies detected by ELISA were found to be appropriate for serological diagnosis of toxocariasis, and IgE antibodies in conjunction with eosinophil counts were helpful parameters for monitoring patients after chemotherapy 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential immunological markers for diagnosis and therapeutic assessment of toxocariasis

Rubinsky-Elefant

Hoshino‐Shimizu

Jacob

et al. 2011

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYIn human toxocariasis, there are few approaches using immunological markers for diagnosis and therapeutic assessment. An immunoblot (IB) assay using excretory-secretory Toxocara canis antigen was standardized for monitoring IgG, IgE and IgA antibodies in 27 children with toxocariasis (23 visceral, three mixed visceral and ocular, and one ocular form) for 22-116 months after chemotherapy. IB sensitivity was 100% for IgG antibodies to bands of molecular weight [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] >205 kDa,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54] > 205 kDa, and 65.4% for IgA to 29-38, 48-54, 81-93 kDa. Candidates for diagnostic markers should be IgG antibodies to bands of low molecular weight (29-38 and 48-54 kDa). One group of patients presented the same antibody reactivity to all bands throughout the follow-up study; in the other group, antibodies decayed partially or completely to some or all bands, but these changes were not correlated with time after chemotherapy. Candidates for monitoring patients after chemotherapy may be IgG antibodies to > 205 kDa fractions, IgA to 29-38, 48-54, 81-93 kDa and IgE to 95-121 kDa. Further identification of antigen epitopes related to these markers will allow the development of sensitive and specific immunoassays for the diagnosis and therapeutic assessment of toxocariasis.

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“…Furthermore, Leishmania-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of peripheral blood is used to confirm parasite infection [3]. It is commonly accepted that it is possible to detect only the presence of serum-specific IgG antibodies, given that the appearance and disappearance of serum-specific IgM antibodies occurs rapidly, always before a specific diagnosis of VL could be made [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of persistence of antibodies against Leishmania infantum in sicilian patients affected by acute visceral leishmaniasis

et al. 2011

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Detection of specific antibody isotypes and subtypes before and after treatment of American visceral leishmaniasis

Cited by 34 publications

References 43 publications

LeishmaniaPromastigote Membrane Antigen-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunoblotting for Differential Diagnosis of Indian Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis

LeishmaniaPromastigote Membrane Antigen-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunoblotting for Differential Diagnosis of Indian Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis

Potential immunological markers for diagnosis and therapeutic assessment of toxocariasis

Significance of persistence of antibodies against Leishmania infantum in sicilian patients affected by acute visceral leishmaniasis

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