HIV/AIDS risk among female sex workers who use crack in Southern Brazil

Malta, Mônica; Monteiro, Simone; Lima, Rosa Maria Jeronymo; Bauken, Suzana; Marco, Aliamar de; Zuim, Gleisse Cristine; Bastos, Francisco Inácio; Singer, Merrill; Strathdee, Steffanie A.

doi:10.1590/s0034-89102008000500007

Cited by 53 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The majority of the studies recruited research participants through STI clinics or other related local community settings (e.g., AIDS outreach offices, HIV-outpatient facilities, national sentinel surveillance sites). Five studies used chain referral sampling (including respondent-driven sampling or RDS) (Medhi et al, 2012;Malta et al, 2008;Gu et al, 2008;Parry et al, 2009;Szwarcwald et al, 1998), and one study used multiple recruitment strategies (Dunne et al, 2014). The sample size (relevant to DU-FSWs) ranged from 10 to 2658 (mean=263.8, median=111).…”

Section: Study Design and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10, No. 5; mouths, and the wounds may facilitate the oral transmission of HIV during pipe sharing (Malta et al, 2008) or oral sex (Inciardi 1995).…”

Section: Drug-related Hiv Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have increasingly paid attention to DU-FSWs because of the potentially enhanced effects of sexual risks and drug use behaviors (Baral et al, 2013;Malta et al, 2008;Tang et al, 2014;Loza et al, 2010;Lau et al, 2007;Strathdee et al, 2001). The overlap between illicit drug use and sex work has been identified as an important factor responsible for HIV prevalence among FSWs (Medhi et al, 2012), which would indicate double risk for DU-FSWs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, drug users may begin (and continue) to engage in sex work to support their drug addictions. Since illicit drugs are usually expensive, DU-FSWs often face great economic pressure to support their drug use (Malta et al, 2008;Choi, Cheung, & Chen, 2006). Many female drug users resort to sex work in order to maintain their drug use, either obtaining drugs from their sexual partners or using the money from sex work to purchase drugs (Medhi et al, 2012;Panda et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug-Using Female Sex Workers and HIV Risk: A Systematic Review of the Global Literature

Yu¹,

Li²

2018

GJHS

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This review examines the global literature concerning HIV risk among drug-using female sex workers (DU-FSWs). In the context of HIV prevention, the possible synergetic effects of sexual risk and drug-related risk merit a systematic review to get a better understanding of such effects among this highly vulnerable population. In particular, we look at research on the association between drug use and HIV risk among female sex workers (FSWs) in terms of multiple indicators such as HIV infection, needle sharing, and unprotected sex.The current review, through synthesizing the findings from 41 studies conducted in multiple nations, reveals a complex picture of HIV risk for DU-FSWs across diverse societies. Research findings are mixed but tend to show that drug-related and sex-related risk behaviors accelerated the risk of HIV/STI among DU-FSWs, underscoring considerable vulnerabilities. However, findings about the level of the association and significance, as well as the mechanisms of HIV transmission, are inconsistent among various empirical studies. The variations in findings may be attributed to the specificities of diverse social contexts, various characteristics of the study samples, and different measurements in different studies. The mixed findings point to the need for more empirical studies targeting DU-FSWs to understand how drug use and sexual risk interactively affect this population differently in different social contexts. Future research should focus on multiple-level risk/preventive factors, assess the overlap between drug-using networks and sexual networks, and identify the synergetic dynamics between drug use and sex work. Development of conceptual frameworks and methodological innovations are also needed.

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Section: Study Design and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10, No. 5; mouths, and the wounds may facilitate the oral transmission of HIV during pipe sharing (Malta et al, 2008) or oral sex (Inciardi 1995).…”

Section: Drug-related Hiv Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug-Using Female Sex Workers and HIV Risk: A Systematic Review of the Global Literature

Yu¹,

Li²

2018

GJHS

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“…Além disso, é recorrente o uso concomitante do crack com outras drogas (Costa, Soibelman, Zanchet, Costa, & Salgado, 2012), a prática da prostituição como maneira de obter crack e o diagnóstico de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (Correa, Matumoto, & Lonardi, 2008;Malta et al, 2008;Nappo, Sanchez, & Oliveira, 2011;Pinto, Tancredi, Buchalla, & Miranda, 2014;Von Diemen, De Boni, Kessler, Benzano, & Pechansky, 2010).…”

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Especificidades do tratamento de mulheres usuárias de crack: interface com direitos humanos

2015

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Risk behaviors for HCV- and HIV-seroprevalence among female crack users in Porto Alegre, Brazil

Diemen

Boni

Kessler

et al. 2009

Arch Womens Ment Health

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Several studies have shown a high prevalence of HIV-seropositive status among crack users, though most refer to North American populations. Few studies evaluate HCV prevalence among female crack users. In addition, there is a particular lack of data about risk behaviors and HIV/HCV prevalence in this population around the world. In order to ascertain the HIV/HCV serostatus and associated risk behaviors for infection of female crack users of Porto Alegre, Brazil. A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 73 current female crack users was conducted. Subjects answered NIDA's Risk Behavior Assessment and an AIDS Information Questionnaire. In addition, blood was collected from subjects for HIV/HCV tests. The overall prevalence of HIV was 37.0%; HCV seroprevalence was 27.7%; of 15.1% the sample was co-infected with HIV and HCV. Four years of schooling or fewer (OR 4.72-CI 95%; 1.49-14.99) and having three or more HIV tests in one's lifetime (OR 4.26-CI 95% (1.29-14.04)) were associated with HIV infection (after multivariate logistic regression). The single greatest risk factor for HCV infection was having 4 years of schooling or fewer (OR 4.51-CI 95%; 1.18-17.27). We found a very high prevalence of HIV and HCV infection among female crack users, and low education was the most significant risk factor associated with both infections.

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HIV/AIDS risk among female sex workers who use crack in Southern Brazil

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Drug-Using Female Sex Workers and HIV Risk: A Systematic Review of the Global Literature

Drug-Using Female Sex Workers and HIV Risk: A Systematic Review of the Global Literature

Especificidades do tratamento de mulheres usuárias de crack: interface com direitos humanos

Risk behaviors for HCV- and HIV-seroprevalence among female crack users in Porto Alegre, Brazil

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