Relação entre deficiência de ferro e anemia em crianças de até 4 anos de idade

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in a cohort of children. Methods:A cohort study nested in a randomized field trial. Children were recruited at birth at the maternity unit of the only public hospital in the city of São Leopoldo, southern Brazil. This study assessed iron status (hemoglobin and serum ferritin) when children were 12-16 months old and later at the age of 3-4 years. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin concentration < 11.0 g/dL; iron deficiency as serum ferritin < 15.0 µg/L; and iron deficiency anemia as hemoglobin concentration < 11.0 g/dL with iron deficiency.Results: At age 12-16 months, the overall prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia was 63.7, 90.3 and 58.8%, respectively. The values for age group 3-4 years were 38.1, 16.1 and 7.4%, respectively. At age 12-16 months, 95% of anemia cases were associated with iron deficiency against only 19.3% of cases at age 3-4 years. Conclusions:Iron deficiency was the main cause of anemia in the second year of life, but not at age 3-4 years. Thus, we point out that anemia in preschool children may have other causes and deserves careful assessment.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010;86(6):488-492: Infant, nutritional deficiency, preschool child.

Neuropsychomotor development and genomic stability associated to folate and blood iron levels in preschool children

“…These iron deficiency percentages (10.9%) were inferior to those found in another study conducted in the South of Brazil, which found 16.1% of the children between 3 and 4 years old iron deficient according to the ferritin results. 17 It is important to emphasize that the ferritin results may be altered, when comparing to the serum iron in situations of inflammation. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate the PCR as an inflammatory marker.…”

Factores asociados a las concentraciones de hemoglobina en preescolares

“…En el presente estudio fue posible evidenciar que las concentraciones de hemoglobina estuvieron influenciadas por bajas concentraciones séricas de zinc y retinol, bien como que niños con anemia presentaron concentraciones medias inferiores de esos micronutrientes. En otros estudios nacionales y de otros países, incluso entre niños que frecuentan jardines infantiles, investigadores han apuntado resultados similares indicativos de la relación entre las concentraciones de eses micronutrientes 12,40,[45][46][47][48][49][50] . Tal asociación, que viene confirmándose en la literatura, puede ser explicada por el hecho de la deficiencia de hierro inhibir la liberación plasmática de la proteína transportadora de retinol, influenciando, así, el metabolismo de la vitamina A 40 , que, por su vez, actúa en la eritropoyesis y absorción del hierro 48 .…”

Prevalência das deficiências de ácido fólico, vitamina B12 e ferro em diversos grupos da população brasileira, após o programa de fortificação adotado pela ANVISA

“…Bortolini et al demonstraram que a deficiência de ferro é a principal causa de anemia em crianças menores de 2 anos, e considera que a anemia em crianças com idade entre 3 a 4 anos seja devido a outras causas [132].…”