Pre-packing cooling and types of packages in maintaining physiological quality of soybean seeds during storage

Abstract

Seeds storing under appropriate conditions reduces the speed of the seeds deterioration process. The aim of this study was to evaluate pre-packing cooling and types of packages in the maintenance of the physiological quality of soybean seeds during storage. The completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replications, considering a factorial arrangement involving or not the pre-packing cooling of the seed mass, three types of packages (multi-layer paper bag, big bag, and polyethylene container), and five storing periods (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months). The physiological quality was evaluated by the tests of first germination count, germination, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, emergence speed index and emergence. The use of packages with larger amount of seeds (big bag and polyethylene container) did not favor the maintenance of the pre-packing cooling temperature. The types of packages did not show significant differences in the seeds viability during storage, up to eight months, regardless the pre-packing cooling. The cultivars seeds showed different tolerance to storing, i.e. seeds of the cultivar TMG 1176 had lower storing potential comparing to the seeds from the cultivar SYN 9074.Index terms: germination, Glycine max, storability, storing conditions, vigor.Resfriamento pré-envase e tipo de embalagem na manutenção da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja ao longo do armazenamento RESUMO -O armazenamento de sementes sob condições adequadas reduz a velocidade do processo de deterioração de semente. O objetivo com o trabalho foi avaliar o resfriamento pré-envase e tipos de embalagem na manutenção da qualidade de sementes de soja ao longo do armazenamento. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, em arranjo fatorial envolvendo ou não o resfriamento da massa de sementes antes do envase, três tipos de embalagens (sacaria de papel multifoliado, big bag e contêiner em polietileno) e cinco épocas de armazenamento (0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 meses). A qualidade fisiológica foi avaliada por meio de testes de primeira contagem de germinação, germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica, índice de velocidade de emergência e emergência. O uso de embalagens com maiores quantidades de sementes (big bag e contêiner) não favoreceu a manutenção da temperatura do resfriamento pré-envase. Os tipos de embalagem não proporcionaram diferenças na viabilidade de sementes de soja ao longo do armazenamento, até oito meses, independente do resfriamento antes do envase. As sementes das cultivares apresentaram diferentes tolerâncias ao armazenamento, sendo que as sementes da cultivar TMG 1176 RR possuem menor potencial de armazenamento em relação às sementes da cultivar SYN 9074 RR.Termos para indexação: armazenabilidade, condições de armazenamento, germinação, Glycine max, vigor.

Adaptation of technological packaging for conservation of soybean seeds in storage units as an alternative to modified atmospheres

“…over six months of storage. These results contrast several studies that evaluated the quality of soybean seeds in different packaging and storage environments, achieving satisfactory results when the seeds were stored at low temperatures in environments considered artificially cooled [20,23,24,26,32,37,38,42,44,46,47,50].…”

“…cultivar RR. The ANEL condition differed positively from the others, maintaining the apparent specific mass of the seeds over the six months of storage, while the other treatments achieved satisfactory results until the fourth months of storage, contrary to several published works with different packages and refrigerated environments [20,23,24,26,32,37,38,42,44,46,47,50]. Cluster 3 was formed by P1, P2, P5, P9, P13, P14, P15, P16, P20, P21, P25, P26, P29, P33, P37, P38, P39, P40, P41, P45, and P47, and no variable stood out.…”

Drying Temperature Effect on Kernel Damage and Viability of Maize Dried in a Solar Biomass Hybrid Dryer

“…Maize at harvest normally has high moisture content which is considered inappropriate for safe storage as grain for seed or feed. Under such situations, there is clearly a need for a reduction in moisture to preserve the physiological quality of seeds for at least eight months, impeding possible chemical and physical changes that may come about during storage up to sale or use of the seeds [4]. Drying maize after harvest from high moisture content (20% -30%) to low safe storage moisture content (12% -14%) is therefore necessary to ensure storability and preservation of maize grains of seed lots in warm and humid countries like Ghana.…”

Implicações da época de colheita sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja

“…Entretanto, após a colheita antecipada, é comum as sementes apresentarem umidade considerada inadequada para o armazenamento. Por esse motivo, há claramente a necessidade de redução da umidade para preservação da qualidade fisiológica das sementes, impedindo a deterioração (PESKE et al, 2013;CARVALHO et al, 2016). No entanto, quando realizada sem o devido cuidado, tanto a secagem quanto o armazenamento podem ter um impacto negativo na qualidade da semente, afetando imediatamente, por exemplo, sua germinação e vigor (RESENDE et al, 2012;FARIA et al, 2014).…”