Physiological performance during storage of corn seed treated with insecticides and fungicide

Abstract

-The goal of storage is to maintain the characteristics that seeds have immediately after processing; however, when this is over longer periods, storage may cause loss in quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with insecticide and fungicide on corn seeds harvested in kernel form and in the ear over the time of storage in two environments for 360 days. The seeds were subjected to the following treatments: T1 -control; T2 -Deltamethrin + Pirimiphosmethyl + Fludioxonil; T3 -Deltamethrin + Pirimiphos-methyl + Fludioxonil + Thiamethoxam; T4 -Thiamethoxam, and T5 -Fenitrothion. They were then placed in paper bags and stored in two environments, in a cold room with an average temperature of 16 °C and RH of 60% and in a non-controlled environment (an average room temperature of 25 ºC and RH of 70%) located in the municipality of Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Every four months (0, 120, 240 and 360 days), seed germination and vigor was evaluated by the first count of germination test and cold test. Reduction in germination and vigor of corn seeds, conditioned by the insecticides and fungicide used in the seed treatment, vary according to the product and the time over which the seeds remain stored. The seeds harvested in the ear show lower loss of physiological quality than those harvested in kernel form.Index terms: Zea mays L., germination, vigor, seed treatment.Desempenho fisiológico durante o armazenamento de sementes de milho tratadas com inseticidas e fungicida RESUMO -O armazenamento tem por objetivo manter as características que as sementes possuem imediatamente após o beneficiamento, porém, quando por períodos mais extensos, o mesmo pode causar perdas na qualidade das mesmas. O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento com inseticida e fungicida sobre sementes de milho colhidas a granel e em espiga durante o armazenamento em dois ambientes por 360 dias. As sementes foram submetidas aos tratamentos: T1-testemunha; T2-Deltamethrin + Pirimifós-metílico + Fludioxonil; T3-Deltamethrin +Pirimifós-metílico + Fludioxonil + Tiametoxam; T4-Tiametoxam e T5-Fenitrothion. Em seguida, foram acondicionadas em sacos de papel e armazenadas em dois ambientes: câmara fria com temperatura média de 16 °C e UR de 60% e em ambiente não controlado (câmara com temperatura média de 25 ºC e UR de 70%, localizada no município de Pelotas-RS). A cada quatro meses (0; 120; 240 e 360 dias) foi avaliada a germinação e o vigor das sementes, pelos testes de primeira contagem de germinação e teste de frio. A redução da germinação e do vigor de sementes de milho, condicionada pelos inseticidas e fungicida utilizados no tratamento das sementes, varia em função do produto e do tempo em que as sementes permanecem armazenadas. As sementes colhidas em espiga apresentam menor perda da qualidade fisiológica em relação às colhidas a granel.Termos para indexação: Zea mays L., germinação, vigor, tratamento de sementes.1

Physiological performance of wheat seeds treated with micronutrients and protection products during storage

“…According Tonin et al (2014), the use of insecticide thiamethoxam, reduced vigor of corn seeds stored for 270 days in an environment with and without temperature and humidity control. Deuner et al (2014) also observed greater reduction in vigor of corn seeds over the storage period for the treatments containing the insecticide thiamethoxam. In the same way, Silva et al (2011) showed a marked reduction in the vigor and germination of treated rice seeds with fungicide carboxin + thiram and stored in hermetic packages for a period of 240 days.…”

Agrochemicals and storage times on soybean seed vigor

“…The main purpose of storage is maintaining seed characteristics after processing (Deuner et al, 2014), whereas that of seed treatment with fungicide and/or insecticide before storage is allowing greater shelf life and suitable plant stand (Vazquez et al, 2014).…”

“…bras., Brasília, v.52, n.2, p.129-132, fev. 2017 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2017000200007 be retarded by controlling temperature and moisture conditions in the environment or by preventing pest attacks using chemical treatment (Deuner et al, 2014). Despite this, the use of agrochemicals on seeds during prolonged storage periods significantly reduces seed germination and vigor (Dan et al, 2010(Dan et al, , 2013Deuner et al, 2014).…”

Treatment with fungicides and insecticides on the physiological quality and health of wheat seeds

“…Nevertheless, Kashypa et al (1994), in studies on wheat seeds, and Ludwig et al (2011) on soybean seeds, found that some chemical products, when applied on the seeds, may lead to reduction in germination and hinder seedling survival. According to Antonello et al (2009) and Deuner et al (2014), who worked with maize seeds, the phytotoxicity effect depends on the product used and the time that the seeds were stored. According to Goulart (1988), the fungicide triadimenol, although it was effective for seedling protection (providing for total absence of disease lesions on wheat), proved to be phytotoxic, leading to the rise of abnormal seedlings in the germination process.…”