O gênero Machaerium (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae-Dalbergieae) no Pantanal Brasileiro

Abstract

RESUMO Representantes de Leguminosae são importantes elementos florísticos das formações vegetacionais do Pantanal brasileiro. Machaerium é um gênero tropical de Papilionoideae e suas espécies são encontradas em diferentes ambientes vegetacionais, podendo ser indicadas na recomposição de áreas degradadas. Machaerium está representado no Pantanal por oito espécies: M. aculeatum, M. acutifolium, M. amplum, M. eriocarpum, M. hirtum, M. isadelphum, M. paraguariense e M. villosum. O presente estudo apresenta chave de identificação, descrições, comentários, ilustrações, dados de distribuição geográfica e dos ambientes preferenciais de cada táxon. As espécies de Machaerium ocorrem em floresta estacional decídual, floresta estacional semidecidual, floresta ombrófila densa aluvial (mata ciliar), savana (cerrado), savana florestada (cerradão) e savana-estépica florestada (chaco) distribuídas nas dez sub-regiões do Pantanal.

Wood vegetation in Atlantic rain forest remnants in Sorocaba (São Paulo, Brazil)

“…With respect to the species which occur in SSF (Table 1), Aspidosperma olivaceum and Guarea kunthiana are considered typical (Durigan et al 2000;Silva and Soares 2002;Pinheiro and Monteiro 2008;Cielo-Filho et al 2009). Despite Machaerium paraguariense being found in SSF, it also occurs in the Pantanal (Polido and Sartori 2007 Leptolobium elegans, Styrax camporum (Leitão-Filho 1992;Bicudo 1996), Gochnatia polymorpha, Lafoensia pacari, Platypodium elegans, Persea pyrifolia (Ivanauskas and Rodrigues 1999) and Copaifera langsdorffii (Gandolfi et al 1995;Albuquerque and Rodrigues 2000).…”

Leguminosae-papilionoideae from the parque estadual das Várzeas do Rio Ivinhema, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

“…2 Aeschynomene histrix, Crotalaria maypurensis and Vigna lasiocarpa denote the capacity of these species to survive in flooded soil, since they were not observed in other environments in PEVRI. When the studies of Aeschynomene (Lima et al 2006), Desmodium (Nobre et al 2008), Machaerium (Polido & Sartori 2007, 2011 and Stylosanthes (Costas et al 2008) are compared, these authors mentioned Aeschynomene falcata, A. histrix, A. sensitiva, Desmodium affine, D. barbatum, Machaerium hirtum and Stylosanthes guianensis, respectively, as common to those sampled in PEVRI, which occupy cerrado, flooded grasslands and disturbed areas.…”

“…Mato Grosso do Sul: Ivinhema PEVRI, 19.IV.2009, fr., R. B. Caboco & A. Sciamarelli 28931 (CGMS), 22° 56' 15.3" S and 53° 41' 01.9" W. Macherium hirtum is distinguished by its rectilinear, spinescent stipules, oblong leaflets and arboreous habit. It is found in several phyto-physyonomy of Cerrado, in sandy and clayish soils, in Seasonal Semideciduous and Deciduous Forests and dense Ombrophylous Forest (Polido & Sartori 2007 Tree, branches cylindrical, stipule and stipel caducous, petiole 1-16 cm long, sericeous, rachis 8.5-12 cm long, sericeous. Leaves 17-foliate, pinnate, leaflets symmetrical, 4.3 × 1-1.5 cm, elliptical to oblong; apex obcordate, diminished base, both surfaces sericeous, entire margin, venation eucamptodromous, discolorous.…”

“…Leaves 40-foliate, imparipinnate, leaflets symmetrical, 1-1.3 × 0.3-0.4 cm, oblong; apex mucronate, diminished base, both surfaces glabrous, entire margin, venation craspedodromous, discolorous. Inflorescence paniculate, terminal to axial, multiflora; axis of inflorescence 11-16 cm long, villous (Polido & Sartori 2007). Pedicel 8.8-10.6 mm long, villous; calyx 2.6 mm long, campanulate, 5-laciniate; corolla lilac; standard 6.9-9.3 × 5.9-7.6 mm, wing 7.6-9 × 3.3-4.7 mm long, keel 7.1-9.6 × 4.5-5.1 mm.…”

“…In Mato Grosso do Sul, the members of this subfamily are considered important components from many plant communities, occurring in several regions and in such different formations as Planalto Residual do Urucum (Damasceno-Junior unpublished data), semideciduous forest (Sciamarelli, unpublished data), Cerrado (Pott & Pott 1994) and Chaco (Noguchi et al 2009). Some inventories in Mato Grosso do Sul are specifically referred to Aeschynomene (Lima et al 2006), Desmodium (Nobre et al 2008), Machaerium (Polido & Sartori 2007, 2011 and Stylosanthes (Costas et al 2008), but, so far, no study has specifically focused on all members of Papilionoideae occurring in a same area.…”