Relacionamentos Interpessoais Formal e Informal: Interação das Redes no Ambiente Acadêmico

Abstract

ResumoA literatura acadêmica apresenta conceitos que são explorados pelo seu aspecto formal e informal. Também enfatiza que os relacionamentos interpessoais informais complementam e contribuem de forma sinérgica com os relacionamentos formais que ocorrem nas diversas atividades humanas. Alguns autores estudaram a similaridade entre as partes formal e informal, outros indicaram que se poderia estudar os efeitos conjuntos da interação ou o delineamento dos limites da parte informal pela parte formal ou se ambas apresentariam influências recíprocas. Neste trabalho são comparadas as redes sociais formais e informais de duas turmas distintas de alunos universitários e em momentos diferentes para verificar a existência da interação entre os elementos formais e informais dessas redes. Foi realizado um estudo de campo de caráter exploratório com auxílio da análise de redes sociais por meio do software Ucinet 6.0 e Netdraw. Foram coletadas várias medidas com base na percepção dos alunos e a análise dos dados indicou resultados não condizentes com a literatura, indicando a não ocorrência de relação entre os aspectos formal e informal. Dada a importância dessa interação, cabe aos professores e à instituição de ensino prover meios para que isso ocorra. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de mais estudos científicos a respeito do tema.Palavras-chave: análise de redes sociais; redes formais; redes informais; estudante universitário. AbstractThe academic literature presents concepts that are explored by their formal and informal aspects. In addition, it is emphasized that informal interpersonal relationships complement and contribute synergistically with the formal relationships that occur in the various human activities. Some authors have studied the similarity between the formal and informal parts, others have indicated that one could study the joint effects of interaction or the delineation of the boundaries of the informal part by the formal part or if both would have reciprocal influences. In this work we compare the formal and informal social networks of two distinct groups of university students and at different moments to verify the existence of the interaction between the formal and informal elements of these networks. An exploratory field study was carried out with the help of social networks analysis through the software Ucinet 6.0 and Netdraw. Several measures were collected based on the students' perception and the analysis of the data indicated results that were not consistent with the literature, indicating the non-occurrence of a relationship between the formal and informal aspects. Given the importance of this interaction, it is up to the teachers and the educational institution to provide the means for this to occur. The results indicate the need for more scientific studies on the subject.

Análise de redes formais e informais e o papel dos atores internos nas organizações: um estudo comparativo

“…Informal networks cover relationships beyond professional aspects, including personal relationships, contacts that go beyond the work environment. , involving human nature interactions (Brunetto, Xerri, Nelson & Farr-Wharton, 2016;Conde & Farias Filho, 2016;Leonardo, Farina, Andreoli & Lima, 2019;Bastos & Viana Santos, 2007). Research, Society and Development, v. 10, n. 4, e35910412783, 2021 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.12783…”

“…(Amati, Lomi & Mira, 2018;Hanneman & Riddle, 2005;Rahman & Karim, 2016). This approach becomes relevant in strategic studies due to the argumentation present in the literature that places the ARS as a broad analysis of multidisciplinary origin (Ferreira, 2011), they are fundamental in the exchange of information among its participants (Marteleto, 2001) as well as allowing greater understanding of relationships between actors in addition to building the general structure of existing networks in organizations (Brunetto, Xerri, Nelson & Farr-Wharton, 2016;Leonardo, Farina, Andreoli, & Lima, 2019, Rienties & Kinchin, 2014Bastos & Viana Santos , 2007). The study's relevance also includes the importance of knowing the intrinsic relationships between the actors (Yousefi Nooraie, Marin, Hanneman, Lohfeld & Dobbins, 2017), as well as the inseparable relationship between the technical aspects and strategic objectives with the individual interests of these interconnections (Zhao & Cui, 2017).…”

Getting Around Regional Inequalities: Solidary Cooperation of the Health Professionals Relationship Network

“…The network acts as interactions between the players involved through common interests for the purpose of exchanging knowledge and mutual cooperation [26]. "From the degree, it is possible to understand the general functioning of the network, specifically in relation to the performance of each player, by analyzing their relationships with other players" because the greater the number of links, the greater the ability to influence other players in the network [27].…”

“…"The greater the number of bonds (ties) of a player, the greater their degree, which indicates a more favored position, a position that exchanges more information and, thus, with greater influence on the network" [27]. The degree metric can be classified as indegree and outdegree and differ in the sense of the relation to demand or to offer information exchange.…”

“…-Core-periphery: Indicates which players belong to the center of the network, i.e., cooperate more (core) and which players cooperate less, that is, are in the periphery of the network (periphery).. In order to understand the cohesion of the network, the formation of groups and the strength of ties/relationships of the players, the center-periphery metric is used to identify the center and the periphery of the network, thus contributing to the understanding of the grouping of players [ 30].The cores can be presented as a space of concentration of several links, in which the players are strongly connected to each other and, in contrast to the peripheries, are characterized by few relationships, in which the players are little related, that is, they cooperate less among them which indicates less cohesive subgroup formation [27].…”