Equipment to assess vigor in soybean seeds using CO2 produced during respiration

Abstract

The adoption of quick and reliable laboratory techniques and equipment to choose the best seed lots for marketing will influence the production of soybeans with superior physiological quality, among other areas in the sector. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the CO2 concentrations produced by water-soaked soybean seeds and to verify the effectiveness of new equipment to help choose lots with different vigor levels. To evaluate the physical and physiological quality of the seeds, eight soybean lots were evaluated with the following tests: water content, weight of thousand seeds, first germination count, germination, electrical conductivity, emergence, and respiration evaluated by the Pettenkoffer apparatus and with equipment designed to measure CO2 in seeds. The results were subjected to analysis of variance with means compared by Tukey’s test at p ≤ 0.05. Conventional methods showed significant differences in vigor and viability in soybean seeds. The equipment designed was efficient in detecting CO2 produced by seeds soaked in water for 8 hours. The CO2 readings with the equipment presented satisfactory results to predict the vigor in soybean seeds through respiration.

Respiration rate and dry matter loss of soybeans (Glycine max L.) obtained by a dynamic system

“…Glucose is the main carbohydrate used as an energy source, consuming oxygen and producing CO2 with subsequent release of water and energy (Silva et al, 2017(Silva et al, , 2021. For each mole of glucose (180 g mol −1 ) consumed, 6 moles of carbon dioxide (6 × 44 g mol −1 ) are produced.…”

CO2 monitoring system for storage of grains and seeds

“…Although CO 2 levels alterations directly show relation with factors that promote deterioration of the stored material, variation could be related to the storage environment conditions, considering the grain mass has dynamic exchanges with the environment, and the storage is performed mainly under uncontrolled conditions (HUANG et al, 2013;SILVA et al, 2021). The temperature during storage was above 25.5ºC and the relative humidity above 66% (Figure 4) using GSP-6 datalogger.…”

“…The increase of CO 2 levels occurs due to the increase of product respiration. As consequence of biochemical processes, there is consumption of product energy reserves able to affect the germination potential and vigor in seeds (ZIEGLER et al, 2016;LISBOA et al, 2017;GOLDEN et al, 2018;SILVA et al, 2021). In the grain mass, infestations and hot spots cause an increase in the production of CO 2 , which moves in the intragranular spaces and can be detected by sensors (RAMACHANDRAN, 2022).…”

“…Grains and seeds are biological material, being subject to insects and microorganisms contaminations, which act consuming carbohydrates and lipids causing qualitative and quantitative losses (LISBOA et al, 2017;GOLDEN et al, 2018;SILVA et al, 2021). In Brazil, losses during storage can reach 45.53 % of total postharvest losses, representing an economic impact of billions of reais (CAIXETA FILHO & PÉRA, 2021).…”

Systematic Review - State of the Art: strategies for vigor evaluation and production of high-vigor soybean seeds

“…Other innovative techniques surveyed, but without the use of image analysis, that have been studied for the evaluation of soybean seed quality are: the profile of COVs (low-molecular-weight carbonyl compounds) (gases and volatiles) and water-soluble organic substances (enzymes and polysaccharides), released during imbibition and used as biomarkers (fingerprint). Silva et al (2021a) developed an instrument to evaluate seed vigor based on seed respiration, measuring the concentration of CO 2 released when they are soaked in water.…”