Abstract:RESUMO: Este estudo foi realizado em suínos do município de Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, com o objetivo de caracterizar epidemiologicamente a leptospirose suína em criações não tecnificadas do semiárido brasileiro. Para isso, foi realizado diagnóstico sorológico da infecção pela técnica de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), sendo as amostras submetidas a uma coleção de 24 variantes de leptospira, e foram obtidas informações, por meio de visitas às criações e entrevistas com os proprietários, abordando variáv… Show more
“…The difference between the seropositivity values can be explained by the location of the studies and the type of breeding adopted by the producers. Valença et al [ 47 ], who established 16.1% seropositivity, carried out their survey on technically swine farms in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, while Leite et al [ 41 ], who reported 78.6% seropositivity, developed the study in non-technified farms in Mossoró, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. These results demonstrate that technical care applied correctly is effective in reducing the infectious agent in swine production.…”
Leptospirosis is a major threat to public health worldwide; however, there is no study focused on global seropositivity in pigs. In this study, we grouped publications and performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to gather data related to swine leptospirosis seropositivity published globally. The search method initially used returned a total of 1183 results, of which 20 met all predefined criteria and were therefore included in this review. Meta-analysis with general data was performed and a combined seropositivity of 21.95% was found. Seropositivity was 36.40% in South America, 34.05% in North America, 22.18% in Africa, 17.40% in Oceania, 13.30% in Europe and 13.36% in Asia. The results suggest that there is high seropositivity for leptospirosis in pigs worldwide. Information compiled from this research is relevant to understanding the spread of leptospirosis globally. It is expected that these indicators will contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease with a focus on its control and, consequently, on the reduction of cases in the human and animal population.
“…The difference between the seropositivity values can be explained by the location of the studies and the type of breeding adopted by the producers. Valença et al [ 47 ], who established 16.1% seropositivity, carried out their survey on technically swine farms in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, while Leite et al [ 41 ], who reported 78.6% seropositivity, developed the study in non-technified farms in Mossoró, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. These results demonstrate that technical care applied correctly is effective in reducing the infectious agent in swine production.…”
Leptospirosis is a major threat to public health worldwide; however, there is no study focused on global seropositivity in pigs. In this study, we grouped publications and performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to gather data related to swine leptospirosis seropositivity published globally. The search method initially used returned a total of 1183 results, of which 20 met all predefined criteria and were therefore included in this review. Meta-analysis with general data was performed and a combined seropositivity of 21.95% was found. Seropositivity was 36.40% in South America, 34.05% in North America, 22.18% in Africa, 17.40% in Oceania, 13.30% in Europe and 13.36% in Asia. The results suggest that there is high seropositivity for leptospirosis in pigs worldwide. Information compiled from this research is relevant to understanding the spread of leptospirosis globally. It is expected that these indicators will contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease with a focus on its control and, consequently, on the reduction of cases in the human and animal population.
“…However, a serum positive for a single pathogenic serovar and Patoc cannot be considered as such. Furthermore, it is important to note that carriers, even in low numbers, can rapidly disseminate the pathogen throughout the herd, especially in a suitable (humid) environment for pathogen development [13,30,38]. The severity of Leptospira spp.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The total number of samples was determined using the EpiInfo software, considering a total population size of 4917 animals. The estimated expected frequency was 78.6%, based on the findings from the research of Leite (2018) [30]. To achieve a 95% level of reliability within a margin of expected error of 5%, with a design effect of 1 and considering clusters of 188, it was necessary to collect a minimum of two samples per property, totaling 376 serum samples.…”
Section: Sample Design and Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A study conducted in the state of Paraná evaluated the prevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira spp. infection in 344 pigs raised on 86 rural properties [30], where the Copenhageni and Hardjo serovars were the most prevalent. In summary, Leptospira infection in pigs raised in non-technified sites poses a significant problem in Brazil, especially in rural and family agriculture areas.…”
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that poses a significant threat to human and animal health worldwide. Among different animal species, pigs are known to play a crucial role in the transmission of the pathogenic Leptospira spp. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Leptospira spp. infection and associated risk factors in backyard pigs in the state of Paraná, Brazil. A set of 1393 blood samples were collected from pigs on 188 subsistence properties from 136 different municipalities of the Paraná state and tested using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) to detect antibodies against 24 different Leptospira spp. serovars. The results revealed an overall seroprevalence of 15.87% (221/1393; 95% CI: 13.95–17.78%) for Leptospira spp. antibodies, with Icterohaemorrhagiae, Butembo, and Pomona being the most commonly detected in serovar levels. The lack of rodent control (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 0.63–1.98, p = 0.02) was the only variable associated with disease incidence and was identified as a significant risk factor for Leptospira spp. infection in this context. These findings highlight the urgent need to implement effective control measures, such as improved housing conditions, rodent control, and veterinary assistance, to prevent the spread of this zoonotic disease in backyard pigs in Paraná, Brazil.
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