Percepção materna do desempenho de crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação

Abstract

RESUMO.Crianças com dificuldades na realização de tarefas rotineiras que requerem habilidades motoras podem ter problemas específicos de coordenação motora, atualmente denominados Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (TDC). No Brasil esse diagnóstico ainda é pouco comum, embora seja muito utilizado na literatura internacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a percepção de mães brasileiras sobre o desempenho nas atividades diárias de crianças com transtorno da coordenação motora. Foram realizadas cinco entrevistas, seguidas por análise de conteúdo. Os relatos evidenciaram que todas as informantes percebem alguma dificuldade de seus filhos na realização de atividades cotidianas e na relação com os colegas, sendo essas dificuldades acentuadas principalmente pela entrada na escola. Os relatos também destacaram o desconhecimento sobre os problemas de coordenação motora e possibilidades de auxílio existentes, apontando para a necessidade de mais informação e maior valorização das percepções maternas.Palavras-chave: Percepção materna; atividades do cotidiano; transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação motora. MOTHER'S PERCEPTION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL COORDINATION DISORDERABSTRACT. Children who have difficulty doing daily tasks that require motor skills may have specific motor coordination problems, known nowadays as Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). In Brazil, this diagnosis is used very seldom although it is much used in the international literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the perception of Brazilian mothers concerning the daily performance of children with motor coordination disorder. Five interviews were conducted and submitted to content analysis. The narratives showed that all informants perceive difficulties in the performance of daily activities in their children and in the relationship with peers, and these difficulties are more evident with the entrance in school. These findings highlight the unawareness about motor coordination problems and opportunities for getting help, as well as reinforce the need for more information and to value mother's perceptions.

Pesquisas brasileiras sobre o transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação: uma revisão à luz da teoria bioecológica

“…When parents and teachers are asked about the main difficulties of children with DCD, they are perceived in different ecological contexts, whether in daily living activities, playing and school activities (Galvão et al, 2014), more specifically in the difficulties handling scissors and a frequent report of a "clumsy" child (Magalhães et al, 2009b).…”

“…On the other hand, mothers' reports identify an over-protection and "doing for the child" behavior, much present in the home system, when faced with the difficulties of the child in their school activities and daily life (Galvão et al, 2014). The greatest concern of mothers is their children socialization, because of their difficulties in participating in motor games at school, clumsiness, slow behavior and stigmatization by peers.…”

“…The qualitative methodological approach, as used by Galvão et al (2014) and Magalhães et al (2009b), is able to abstract from the participants very relevant information for analysis under the PPCT model. The study by Nobre et al (2014) specifically delineated under the bioecological model, also brings data richness acquired with the ethnographic method, inserting the researcher in the natural environment of phenomena.…”

“…Most studies (n=16) have a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative methodological design, one of them is quasi-experimental (Araújo et al, 2011) and two are qualitative (Galvão et al, 2014;Magalhães et al, 2009b). The Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC) instrument, in its first and second editions (Henderson et al, 2007), was the most used as a direct measure of motor performance and the score obtained by the child was the reference for analysis of its relationship with other variables in several of the studies analyzed.…”

Concordância entre testes concorrentes para identificação de crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação

“…When analyzing the questionnaire answered by parents/teachers, another fact that may also be related to a greater number of children with an indication of DCD may be that when experiencing some motor difficulties of children, adults begin to overprotect them and, when answering questions of the questionnaires, they end up underestimating their motor skills (Galvão et al, 2014). Unlike a specific professional for the evaluation of the motor battery, who often may not have daily contact with the child and only needs to observe the activity at the time of its execution during the application of the motor test.…”