Advocacia Do Paciente Na Enfermagem: Barreiras, Facilitadores E Possíveis Implicações

Abstract

Objective: to promote reflection upon the barriers, facilitators and potential implications of patient advocacy on the part of nurses.Results: this reflection results from a thorough reading of the international literature addressing patient advocacy along with Brazilian and international studies addressing moral distress and its relationship with patient advocacy.Conclusion: the barriers imposed on patient advocacy are well-known and such constraints are based on the organizational structure of health institutions and power relationships established between doctors and nurses, challenging and discouraging nurses from acting in accordance with their knowledge and conscience, often leading to a condition known as moral distress.DESCRIPTORS: Health advocacy. Nursing. Nursing ethics. ADVOCACIA DO PACIENTE NA ENFERMAGEM: BARREIRAS, FACILITADORES E POSSÍVEIS IMPLICAÇÕES RESUMOObjetivo: realizar uma reflexão acerca das barreiras, facilitadores e possíveis implicações do exercício da advocacia do paciente pelos enfermeiros.Resultados: essa reflexão resulta de uma leitura minuciosa da literatura internacional acerca da advocacia do paciente, acrescida de estudos nacionais e internacionais acerca do sofrimento moral e suas relações com o exercício da advocacia.Conclusão: as barreiras diante do exercício da advocacia do paciente são notórias, pautando-se na própria estrutura organizacional das instituições de saúde e nas relações de poder entre equipes médica e de enfermagem, desafiando e desencorajando os enfermeiros a agirem de acordo com seus conhecimentos e consciências, implicando, muitas vezes, em situações reconhecidas como de sofrimento moral. DESCRITORES:Advocacia em saúde. Enfermagem. Ética em enfermagem.http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072017000100014Texto Contexto Enferm, 2017; 26(3):e0100014Tomaschewski-Barlem JG, Lunardi VL, Barlem ELD, Silveira RS, Ramos AM, Piexak DR 2/7 DEFENSA DEL PACIENTE EN ENFERMERÍA: BARRERAS, FACILITADORES Y LAS POSIBLES IMPLICACIONES RESUMENObjetivo: realizar una reflexión sobre las barreras, facilitadores y las posibles consecuencias del ejercicio de la defensa de los pacientes por enfermeras.Resultados: esta reflexión resulta de una lectura exhaustiva de la literatura internacional en defensa de los pacientes, como estudios nacionales e internacionales acerca de la angustia moral y su relación con la práctica de la defensa de los pacientes.Conclusión: los obstáculos al ejercicio de la defensa de los pacientes son notorios, basándose en la estructura organizativa de las instituciones de salud y de las relaciones de poder entre los equipos de médicos y enfermeros, desafiando y desencorajando los enfermeras para actuar de acuerdo con sus conocimientos y conciencia, resultando a menudo en situaciones consideradas como sufrimiento moral. DESCRIPTORES:Defensa de la salud. Enfermería. Ética en enfermería.

Perceptions of brazilian nursing faculty members regarding literacy of human rights related to health in nursing undergraduate programs

“…The right to health in Brazil can therefore be considered as the result of political struggle, with the active participation of health workers, especially nursing professionals. This history of social mobilization seems to stand out in the minds of professionals, who have demonstrated this awareness by confirming the importance of a basic understanding of the relationship between health and human rights [2, 22].…”

Health advocacy and primary health care: evidence for nursing

“…Cole C, Wellard, S, Mummery J (16) Nurs Ethics Australia Advocacy; Autonomy; Nursing; Relational Autonomy 3 2014 Josse-Eklund A et al (17) Nurs Ethics Sweden 2017 Tomaschewski-Barlem J et al (19) Texto Based on the content analysis of the theme in the selected studies, two categories were extracted and constructed: "Right to health -a complex and progressive consolidation movement in Brazil" and "Advocacy in health and Nursing".…”

“…Considerable literature exists studying nursing advocacy and nurses' role in the rights of health service users (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) . Despite these studies, there are still gaps in the conceptualization of nursing law, which for some makes it an ambiguous and abstract term, making its practice difficult (15) .…”

“…Thus, in everyday life, nurses are explicitly or implicitly called upon to act for the service users' right to health when, for example, they protect them against unnecessary treatment, unwanted interventions, or especially when they inform the service users about their rights, with a view to informed decisions on their future actions. Nurses need to face conflicts and be ready to negotiate and defend changes in the status quo, seeking to grant visibility and voice to those who cannot exercise their rights and autonomy (19)(20)(21)27) . Health service users are therefore vulnerable, uninformed and intimidated, and their rights are often overlooked (28) .…”

Nurses and Patient Advocacy: A Theoretical Reflection

“…Esse sofrimento moral ganha proporção quando, por pressões externas, os profissionais tornam-se incapazes de prosseguir em defesa do direito à saúde de usuários. 5 Com base no exposto, este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma reflexão teórica acerca da atuação do enfermeiro no exercício da advocacia ao paciente frente à atual conjuntura de serviços de saúde no Brasil.…”