Identification of tiller age categories based on morphogenetic responses of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass fertilised with nitrogen

Paiva, Adenilson José; Pereira, Lilian Elgalise Techio; Silva, Sila Carneiro da; Dias, R.

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20120738

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In addition to changes in sward structure and in the spreading and colonization ability of plants, tiller appearance and death also interfere with the age profile of the tiller population [80]. Younger tillers (< 2 months old) have higher leaf appearance and elongation rates than old tillers (> 4 months old) [118,119], highlighting the importance of grazing management as a means of manipulating the age profile of the tiller population. More frequent and/or more intense grazing for intermittent or continuous stocking management, respectively, results in higher intensity of defoliation and, consequently, higher rates of tiller death and appearance (higher turnover in tiller population).…”

Section: Population Dynamics and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tiller age has a significant impact on leaf turnover and elongation, with higher values recorded for young relative to old tillers. Young tillers are also more responsive to nitrogen fertilization [119,121], increasing the benefits of agronomic practices and fertilization and also favoring the production of high nutritive value herbage [89], an important condition for ensuring high animal performance.…”

Section: Population Dynamics and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecophysiology of C4 Forage Grasses—Understanding Plant Growth for Optimising Their Use and Management

2015

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Grazing management has been the focus of the research with forage plants in Brazil for many years. Only in the last two decades, however, significant changes and advances have occurred regarding the understanding of the key factors and processes that determine adequate use of tropical forage plants in pastures. The objective of this review is to provide an historical overview of the research with forage plants and grasslands in Brazil, highlighting advances, trends, and results, as well as to describe the current state of the art and identify future perspectives and challenges. The information is presented in a systematic manner, favoring an integrated view of the different trends and research philosophies. A critical appraisal is given of the need for revision and change of paradigms as a means of improving and consolidating the knowledge on animal production from pastures. Such analysis idealizes efficient, sound and sustainable grazing management practices necessary to realize the existing potential for animal production in the tropics.

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Section: Population Dynamics and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Population Dynamics and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiology of C4 Forage Grasses—Understanding Plant Growth for Optimising Their Use and Management

2015

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“…Further, the adoption of severe grazing associated with frequent defoliation (LI 95% ) favors the renewal of the tiller population, since it increases the appearance of new tillers (Montagner et al 2012), which results in a younger tiller profile of the sward population. Young tillers have higher leaf elongation and appearance rates compared with mature or older tillers (Paiva et al 2015), and this likely contributed to the higher leaf growth rates found in this study (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Contribution of basal and aerial tillers to sward growth in intermittently stocked elephant grass

et al. 2018

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Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. cv. Napier) is characterized by high dry matter production and a high contribution of aerial tillers to the tiller population. However, grazing management strategies that favor an increase in aerial tillers, such as long regrowth periods, particularly when associated with severe grazing, can result in a decrease in sward growth, as they are subject to a high level of intraclonal competition. We evaluated the contribution of basal and aerial tillers to sward growth in Napier elephant grass to comprehend how strategies of intermittent stocking management interfere with the relative contribution of each tiller class. Treatments corresponded to combinations of two post‐grazing heights (35 and 45 cm) and two pre‐grazing conditions (95% and maximum canopy light interception during regrowth—LI95% and LIMax, respectively) and were allocated to experimental units (850 m2 paddocks) according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with four replicates from January 2011 to April 2012. Basal tillers were the main contributors to sward growth in elephant grass. In this way, although the production of aerial tillers is an important adaptive response of this forage grass species, grazing management strategies that maximize aerial tillering do not result in greater leaf growth or minimize stem growth rates. The frequency of defoliation was the main modulator of plant responses related to light competition, and the higher leaf growth associated with lower stem growth rates were obtained with the LI95% pre‐grazing target. Severe grazing (35 cm) associated with LI95% is the grazing management strategy recommended to maximize leaf and sward growth rates in Napier elephant grass subjected to rotational stocking.

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“…A dinâmica de perfilhamento iniciou em outubro de 2013, sendo realizada durante todo o período experimental dentro de duas áreas delimitadas por tubo de PVC de 30 cm de diâmetro, usando fios de diferentes cores para identificar cada geração de perfilhos (11) . Isso permitiu identificar os números de perfilhos jovens, com menos de dois meses de idade; maduros, entre dois e quatro meses; e velhos, com mais que quatro meses (12) .…”

Section: Materiais E Métodosunclassified

Como a Idade Do Perfilho E a Adubação Nitrogenada Modificam as Características Estruturais Do Capim-Marandu Diferido?

et al. 2019

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ResumoEste estudo avaliou as características estruturais de perfilhos, com diferentes idades, do capimmarandu (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) diferido e adubado. Foram avaliadas duas doses de nitrogênio (baixa, 50 kg ha -1 e alta, 200 kg ha -1 ), três categorias de idades de perfilhos (jovem, < 2 meses; maduro, 2 a 4 meses; e velho, > 4 meses;), além de dois períodos (início, 1 a 45 dias e fim, 46 a 90 dias) durante o diferimento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de parcela sub-subdividida, com quatro repetições. De modo geral, o perfilho jovem apresentou melhor composição morfológica (40,0% de lâmina foliar viva, P=0,0074; 39,2% de colmo vivo, P=0,0208; e 20,8% de lâmina foliar morta, P=0,0155), enquanto que o perfilho velho teve pior morfologia (7,3% de lâmina foliar viva; 54,8% de colmo vivo; e 38,0% de lâmina foliar morta) ao término do período de diferimento. A percentagem de perfilho velho foi maior (P=0,0019) no fim (54,0%) do que no início (43,4%) do período de diferimento. No início do diferimento o dossel adubado com alta dose de N apresentou (P=0,0447) maior percentual de perfilho jovem (36,8%) do que aquele sob baixa dose de N (28,6%). No fim do período de diferimento, tanto a alta como a baixa dose de nitrogênio resultaram (P=0,0276) em valores similares de perfilho jovem no dossel diferido (24,3%, em média). A maior dose de N, parcelada antes do período de diferimento, aumenta o percentual de perfilho jovem durante a fase inicial do diferimento. O perfilho jovem tem melhores características estruturais do que os perfilhos maduros e velhos. Palavras-chave: área foliar; composição morfológica; número de perfilho; Urochloa brizantha. AbstractThe structural characteristics of tillers with different ages of deferred and fertilized marandu palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) were evaluated. Two doses of nitrogen (low, 50 kg ha -1 and high, 200 kg ha -1 ), three age categories of tillers (young, <2 months, mature, 2 to 4 months, and old,> 4 months), and to two periods (beginning, 1 to 45 days and end, 46 to 90) during deferral were 2 CARVALHO, A.N. et al.Cienc. anim. bras., Goiânia, v.20, 1-12, e-44460, 2019 evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a subsubdivide plot scheme, with four replications. In general, young tiller had a better morphological composition (40.0% live leaf, P=0.0074; 39.2% live stem, P=0.0208; and 20.8% dead leaf blade, P=0.0155), while the old tiller had a worse morphology (7.3% live leaf, 54.8% live stem and 38.0% leaf dead) at the end of the deferral period. The percentage of old tillers was higher (P=0.0019) at the end (54.0%) than at the beginning (43.4%) of the deferment period. At the beginning of the deferment the canopy fertilized with high dose of N presented (P=0.0447) a higher percentage of young tiller (36.8%) than that under low N dose (28.6%). At the end of the deferment period, both the high and the low nitrogen doses resulted (P=0.0276) in similar values of young tiller in the deferred canopy (2...

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Identification of tiller age categories based on morphogenetic responses of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass fertilised with nitrogen

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Ecophysiology of C4 Forage Grasses—Understanding Plant Growth for Optimising Their Use and Management

Ecophysiology of C4 Forage Grasses—Understanding Plant Growth for Optimising Their Use and Management

Contribution of basal and aerial tillers to sward growth in intermittently stocked elephant grass

Como a Idade Do Perfilho E a Adubação Nitrogenada Modificam as Características Estruturais Do Capim-Marandu Diferido?

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