The analysis performed of modern trends in chemicals handling and implementation in the RF and abroad showed the understanding that the chemical factor poses an integral hazard to human health and the environment and requires significant conjoint efforts to regulate it as well as the necessity to harmonize domestic regulatory and methodological bases with international requirements; to implement GLP and GHS into the hygiene and preventive toxicology practice; to create and implement a national program in systemic investigations into substances publicly traded on the market in order to withdraw those posing a high risk from circulation and replace them by safer alternatives.
Addressing emerging chemical safety issues requires the presence of qualified professionals in the country. Currently, a speciality «toxicology» is included in the range of medical disciplines but it only applies to clinical toxicologists. Physicians of preventive health profile, who are actually involved in toxicity and hazards assessment of chemicals, prevention and risk assessment of their impact on human health and human environment are not thought of as toxicologists in accordance with the existing legal and regulatory framework. The article also raises questions about the necessity of teaching preventive toxicology at the various stages of continuous medical education.
The new chemical threats, existing and constantly emerging to public health require the improvement of the system of training specialists in the field of preventive toxicology. Preventive toxicology is an independent discipline. However, medical and preventive doctors carrying out hygienic regulation, assessment of toxicity and hazard of chemicals and dealing with prevention and risk assessment of the effects of xenobiotics on human health, have only basic toxicology training. Currently, in the nomenclature of the professional standard in the specialty “Medical and Preventive Business”, the specialty “Preventive Toxicology” is absent, and the number of hours allocated for studying this section is very limited.Diploma education in the field of preventive toxicology is carried out on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in the specialty “Medical and Preventive care”, within the framework of which specialized hygienic disciplines with components of preventive toxicology are taught. At the postgraduate education stage, issues of chemical safety and preventive toxicology are addressed only in selected educational institutions, for example, on certification cycles in hygienic specialties, as well as on short-term specialized advanced training cycles.At the Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, a separate training module on preventive toxicology was developed and introduced into the educational process. One of the main objectives of the development of this curriculum was the formation of the students’ algorithms for conducting toxicological research and approaches to the evaluation of the results. At this stage of the training, students study in-depth laboratory toxicological methods, the adaptation mechanisms of the organism, and questions of extrapolation of human data obtained in animal experiments, the pathogenesis of intoxication and long-term effects of exposure to harmful substances. The analysis of the system of training specialists in the field of preventive toxicology suggests the need to improve the forms and methods of teaching students, primarily through the development of skills to work with data registries and toxicological laboratories, using the capabilities of research institutes and institutions of the of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare
Проведенный анализ современных тенденций в области обращения химических веществ за рубежом и их внедрения в РФ показал понимание химического фактора как интегральной опасности нанесения ущерба здоровью человека и окружающей природной среде, требующей значительных совместных усилий по ее регулированию, а также необходимость гармонизации отечественной нормативнометодической базы с международными требованиями; внедрения в практику гигиены и профилактической токсикологии принципов надлежащей лабораторной практики, СГС; создания и реализации национальной программы по систематическому изучению обращающихся на рынке веществ, обладающих высокой степенью риска, с целью выведения из оборота и замещения их безопасными аналогами.
The international hazard classification for chemical substances and mixtures affecting the reproductive system covers also adverse developmental effects via lactation, along with assessment of their adverse effects on the male and female sexual function and fertility. Toxicological characteristics are reported that present hazard to breastfed children and are regulated at the domestic and international levels.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.