Penyakit Ebola, Sindrom Respratori Akut Coronovirus (SARS-CoV), rabies dan nipah ensefalitis adalah antara contoh penyakit yang berkaitan dengan kelawar dan telah mengejutkan dunia dengan terjadinya wabak. Kefahaman tentang kelawar yang berpotensi menyebabkan penyakit adalah perlu supaya wabak seterusnya dapat dielakkan. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji kesesuaian soal-selidik yang bakal digunakan dalam kajian sebenar. Keputusan kajian ini juga dapat memberi gambaran awal tentang pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan tentang penyakit bawaan kelawar. Penduduk di sebuah kampung telah dipilih untuk menyertai kajian ini. Mereka dipilih secara rawak berdasarkan senarai nama yang diberikan oleh wakil penduduk. Soal-selidik yang mengandungi 56 soalan digunakan. Seratus orang penduduk menyertai kajian ini. Skor Cronbach Alpha adalah 0.817. Kebanyakan responden mempunyai skor yang tinggi untuk pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan berkenaan jangkitan bawaan kelawar. Terdapat kaitan positif antara pengetahuan dan amalan tentang jangkitan bawaan kelawar. Walau bagaimanapun, majoriti responden tidak mengetahui bahawa kelawar juga boleh menyebabkan penyakit rabies dan 84% tidak mengetahui tentang vaksin rabies. Keputusan ujian pilot ini agak terhad tetapi dapat memberikan gambaran tentang penyakit bawaan kelawar. Secara keseluruhan, responden mempunyai skor yang tinggi untuk pengetahuna, sikap dan amalan terhadap penyakit bawaan kelawar. Namun, lebih banyak kempen kesedaran harus dilakukan dalam beberapa aspek seperti kaitan antara kelawar dan rabies.
According to the results of measurement of height, weight and calculation of body mass index in 1059 inhabitants of a large industrial center (Kharkiv) over the age of 45 years, are actively traded in the policlinics, was characterized the frequency of abdominal obesity (criteria: waist and waist / hips ratio) with taking into account sex characteristics. It was found that 83 % of screening participants had an abdominal obesity, including 56 % — expressed abdominal obesity. Excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the waist as compared with those in hips occurred in 47 % of patients. It was proved the necessity increase the activity and effectiveness of primary prevention activities in relation to the abdominal type of obesity not only in obese and overweight, but also in patients with a normal body mass index
On materials screening asymptomatic type 2 diabetes and its risk factors by using scale FINDRISK, population Zolochivsky rural (n = 1052) and the Dzerzhinsky urban (n = 535) districts of Kharkiv region at the age of 45 and more years found that the number of people with a combined high and very high risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the next 10 years the urban contingent is much higher than the rural (36.1 vs. 7.7 %). Averaged index of risk of diabetes in urban habitants (12.9 points), in accordance with the scale FINDRISK corresponds to moderate risk, and the rural habitants (7.4 points) is slightly increased.
Using the FINDRISK scale proposed by WHO for screening of risk factors for type 2 diabetesfound that within the same area in an urban population proportion at high risk of developing type2 diabetes mellitus is reliable bigger than in rural. An additional negative contribution to overallhigh risk of disease in urban inhabitant added by higher frequency of diabetes heredity, insufficientof physical activity and unbalanced diet
The purpose of this research is to analyze the problem of incompliance of the minimum living wage (MLW) and the subsistence level. The consumer baskets of the Moscow residents and Europeans are compared. The MLW in Russia and countries of the Eurozone is aligned. Social aspects of raising the MLW to the level of the subsistence level are considered. Positive and negative consequences are formulated. The dynamics of the MLW and subsistence level are studied in detail. The factors influencing the quality of the population's life are regulated. Positive and negative consequences of raising the MLW are formulated. Conclusions about the quality of the Russian population's life are made. The article is based on a comprehensive study of regulatory and legislative documents that establish the MLW amount, the subsistence level, the consumer basket, as well as on studying the works of national and foreign researchers.
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