Резюме. В статье представлены методы фитотерапии острых респираторных заболеваний и их осложнений у детей и взрослых. Также приводятся показания и противопоказания к проведению фитотерапии больным острыми респираторными вирусными инфекциями, правила назначения лекарственных растений детям с учетом возраста ребенка и указанием доз фитопрепаратов, методов фитотерапии в зависимости от стадии заболевания, частоты использования лекарственных трав, длительности курса лечения. Статья содержит рекомендации по использованию лекарственных трав при острых респираторных вирусных инфекциях и их осложнениях, таких как ринит, ларингит, бронхит, гипертермический синдром, у детей и взрослых. В статье приведены рекомендации профессора О.Д. Барнаулова по фитотерапии острых респираторных вирусных инфекций, педиатра-фитотерапевта О.А. Данилюк по фитотерапии у детей, правила применения некоторых лекарственных растений по Ю.И. Коршиковой, схема дозировки фитопрепаратов детям, предложенная Н.П. Меньшиковой, а также практические рекомендации по составлению фитосборов для лечения и профилактики острых респираторных вирусных инфекций и прописи фитотерапевта О.В. Костарева. Ключевые слова: фитотерапия; острая респираторная вирусная инфекция № 4(13) • 2016 74 Актуальна інфектологія, р-
Presents the results of evaluations of morbidity 123 primary school children suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), caused by the military actions in the Donbass region. By us the data analysis was conducted patient cards (f. 112/u) and medical statements (f. 027/u) children study groups, over the period of appealability throughout the year. Revealed an increase the incidence of somatic pathologies in children survived the military events that were recorded in 2.5 times more likely than in the comparison group (children who have not experienced combat operations). The first place in the structure meets pathology occupied somatoform dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, recorded in 100% of children, who experience the stress of combat operations. Second place among children 7-9 years with PTSD, occupied acute respiratory diseases, with a prevalence frequencies of of developing complications after them 2.1 times, which was interpreted as lowering infectious resistance of the organism under the influence of strong stress factor. By the multiplicity of handling of children to the doctor by us highlighted a group of frequently ill children. Is noted that the the number of younger schoolboys for a long time and frequently ill in the main group predominated вy 2.3 times. Among children 7-9 years with PTSD was not a single child who during the school year never would not been sick. Additional psychoemotional load on the body caused by adaptation to school loadings can exacerbate the health conditions and increase the incidence rates of primary school children.
Intestinal helminthic infections have various adverse effects on the health of children. Ascariasis is one of the most common intestinal helminthics. Long parasitism of the roundworm in the body of the child leads to the formation astheno-vegetative syndrome, lag in physical, mental and intellectual development.The aim of our study was to investigate the featuers of manifestations of asthenic syndrome in children of different age groups with intestinal stage of ascariasis. The results of 133 children observations (age from 1 to 18 years) with intestinal stage of ascariasis were presented in our research. Rate the overall status of children with identifying syndromes related to manifestations of worm infestations, particular attention was paid to the terms of clinical symptoms appearance of he disease. The study showed that the asthenic syndrome occurs in 3 times more often in children with intestinal stage of ascariasis, compared to the relatively healthy children (p < 0.01). The most characteristic symptoms of asthenic syndrome were slackness and fatigue (62.4%), irritability (64.66%), capriciousness and hysterical states (61.65%), decreased memory and attention (43.61%), emotional lability (34%) and headache (25.56%). In preschool children more frequently (p < 0.01) were recorded capriciousness and hysterical state (over 75%). Complaints about the deterioration of memory and attention deficits (55.56–76.47%) were observed in school-age children more frequently (p < 0.01). Young people significantly more common complainted on headaches (62.5%; p < 0.05). Slackness, fatigue and irritability occurred significantly more frequently (p < 0.01) among all age groups of children with ascariasis.
Introduction.Stress and stress-induced disorders are not uncommon in pediatric practice. The range of causal stressors (information environment, gadgets, pandemic, armed conflicts, etc.) has expanded significantly these days. The article depicts the main clinical manifestations of stress reactions, pathogenetic mechanisms of their development, provides rational approaches to the therapy of elimination of stress manifestations and consequences in children and adolescents from a pediatric perspective.Objective:To study the influence of stress on the psychoemotional sphere and cognitive functions in children aged 7 to 9 years from the armed conflict zone in the Donbass.Materials and methods. 234 children of primary school age were included in the study, of whom 123 children had lived at the armed conflict zone in Donbass for a year. The psychoemotional state and cognitive functions status were determined by children’s tests using a scoring method to assess test results.Results and discussion.The tests with a scoring method to assess test results showed that 100% of children from the armed conflict zone had a chronic stress, 63% had a moderate to severe stress, a high frequency of various types of phobias, as well as impaired concentration and memory.Therapeutic approaches to the management of stress reactions directly depend on the cause and clinical manifestations of such reactions. The therapy strategy includes among other things general strengthening actions, psychotherapy, symptomatic and pathogenetic methods of treatment. In addition, both acute and chronic stress leads to intracellular magnesium deficiency and increased urinary magnesium wasting, as a large amount of catecholamines is released under stress conditions, which contributes to shifting magnesium out of cells. The magnesium deficiency results in increased permeability of cell membranes for calcium ions, which creates conditions for electrical instability and excessive excitability of cells, most significantly of neurons. This is reflected in the fact that the process of excitation prevails over inhibitory reactions, and stress reactions develop as the clinical manifestations. It has been established that an adequate balance of magnesium increases the adaptive capabilities in people. Its neurotropic effects made it possible to consider magnesium as an effective pathogenetic agent that can increase stress resistance, stress management, and activate the body’s adaptive reserves.Conclusion. The causal stressors are manifold, the paediatrician has to deal with stress reactions in children much more often than doctors of other specialties. Magnesium supplements currently form the basis of treatment and rehabilitation actions in children with stress.
Резюме. В статье представлена полная характеристика таких паразитарных заболеваний, как криптоспоридиоз и амебиаз. Согласно рейтингу риска заражения пищевыми паразитами, который опубликовали Всемирная организация здравоохранения и Продовольственная сельскохозяйственная организация ООН в 2014 году, эти паразитозы занимают 5-е и 6-е место. Дается исторический очерк данных заболеваний, а также особенности патогенеза, клиники, диагностики и лечения криптоспоридиоза и амебиаза.
Objective: of the study was to study the quality of life of younger students in the dynamics of their education in primary school.Materials and methods: 573 children of primary schools of Rostov-on-Don were examined. Th e study of quality of life was carried out using the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire. Depending on the level of cognitive development, children were divided into 2 groups: 82 children with high cognitive development made up the I (main) group and 491 children with an average level of cognitive development made up the II (control) group. Cognitive development was evaluated by the D. Wexler test, the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale with IQ coeffi cients, and E. Torrens creativity test.Results: primary schoolchildren with high cognitive abilities show a dynamic decrease in physical functioning with the lowest rates in the 4th grade, lower indicators of emotional functioning, characterized by an excessive reaction to failure, an increased level of anxiety and emotional instability. A decrease in social functioning is revealed, manifested by communicative problems in the process of interpersonal communication. Higher school functioning values were observed. From the 2nd grade, schoolchildren with high cognitive abilities showed statistically signifi cantly lower indicators of the overall quality of life score as compared with children of average intellectual development.Conclusions: among primary schoolchildren of high cognitive development, there is an imbalance in various aspects of the quality of life, which requires additional measures to optimize indicators.
The aim of the research is to study the peculiarities of brain electrical activity in infants who suffered from stress due to military conflict and who were on different types of feeding. An electroencephalographic study was conducted in 68 infants who were in the military conflict zone and formed the main group. These infants were divided into 2 subgroups. Subgroup Ia included 36 infants who were breastfeeding. Subgroup Ib included 32 infants who were on artificial feeding. EEG was also made to 88 children who made up a control group and were outside the zone of military conflict. Of these, 47 children were breastfed, who entered the subgroup IIa and 41 children were on artificial feeding, included in subgroup IIb. The study was carried out with the help of a hardware-software complex for recording and processing electroencephalograms and evoked potentials DX-NT 32. The most pronounced physiological changes in brain bioelectrical activity were detected in the group of children undergoing stress of war and being on artificial feeding, which were manifested by lower parameters of the amplitude, frequency and time index of alpha and beta rhythms, increased amplitude, frequency and time index of delta and theta rhythms.
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