The review provides information on the biological activity of 26 species of the genus Rumex L. based on the results of studies for the period of 2014-2019. Information search and scientometric analysis were carried out using the resources of the Scopus scientific database. The annual number of scientific publications related to plants of the genus Rumex persists at a fairly high level (more than 100 publications per year). It was found that the most studied species in terms of biological activity and composition are R. acetosa, R. crispus, R. dentatus, R. nervosus, R. obtusifolius, R. vesicarius, which showed the presence of antihypertensive, antiosteoporotic, antiviral, nephro- and hepatoprotective and other types of activity in pharmacological studies. Articles describing mechanisms of the extracts’ active substances’ biological effects are presented, but this information is fragmentary. The chemical composition has been studied mainly for officinal species. A number of species – R. alveolatus, R. aquaticus, R. conglomeratus, R. hastatus, R. lunaria, R. maritimus, R. occidentalis, etc. – are promising for further study as the various extracts of these plants showed antibacterial, cytoprotective, antitumor, antihyperglycemic activity, the ability to stimulate hair growth and fight hyperpigmentation.
This paper discusses the prospect of developing an injectable form of herbal medicine as a uterotonic, antimicrobial, ruminatory, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and immunostimulating agent, which includes alcohol tinctures of nettle, yarrow and hellebore, as well as propylene glycol. The methods of pharmaceutical analysis of medicinal plant raw materials, physicochemical and empirical methods were used to determine the optimal composition of the phytocomposition in the following ratio of components per 100 ml: hellebore tincture - 2.5 ml, yarrow tincture - 15.0 ml, nettle tincture - 15, 0 ml, propylene glycol - 67.5 ml. Phytopreparation is a transparent alcohol solution, dark green in color, without foreign impurities and sediment, with a specific smell, soluble in water and alcohol. The results of the safety assessment of the phytopreparation, carried out on laboratory animals, indicate its low toxicity in the enteral and parenteral routes of administration. In pilot studies conducted on cows with signs of acute catarrhal endometritis, which were injected intravenously with the test composition of the phytopreparation at a dose of 30 ml per head, positive results were obtained. 10-15 minutes after the intravenous administration of the phytopreparation in cows, a contraction of the muscles of the uterus and the release of exudate were recorded. The results of early gynecological medical examination of cows, carried out 14 days after calving, confirm the high therapeutic efficacy of the developed composition in acute purulent-catarrhal endometritis and subinvolution of the uterus in cows.
Introduction. Golden dock (Rumex maritimus L., Polygonaceae) is used as a medicinal and food plant in Asian countries. The plant contains phytochemicals of various classes: flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones etc. Plant extracts exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, astringent activity, and have antidiabetic potential. The plant is annual, and most of the biologically active substances accumulate in its aboveground organs. An important problem is the standardization of Rumex maritimus and the development of regulatory documentation for its the introduction to medical practice.Aim. To conduct phytochemical analysis of the aerial part of golden dock.Materials and methods. Air-dried aerial part of Rumex maritimus collected at flowering and beginning of fruiting stage, as well as individual above-ground organs (leaves, flowers, fruits, stems), were used for obtaining the extracts. Qualitative analysis of the extracts was carried out using reverse phase HPLC. The relative content of the components in the mixture was calculated by the method of simple normalization. Total content of free anthraquinones and anthraglycosides in terms of chrysophanic acid was determined using spectrophotometric method after acid hydrolysis. Total tannin content was calculated by titrimetric method.Results and discussion. Flavonoids isoquercetin and avicularin were first discovered in the aerial part of Rumex maritimus. The dominant component of the plant is rutin. Chrysophanol predominates among anthraquinones. The highest concentration of anthraquinones (2.80 ± 0.04 %) was found in flowers. Tannins accumulate mainly in leaves (9.97 ± 0.02 %). A significant amount of tannins (6.60 ± 0.03 %) and anthracene derivatives (1.96 ± 0.03 %) is contained in the whole aerial part.Conclusion. Phytochemical analysis of the aerial part of Rumex maritimus showed the presence of a significant amount of anthraquinones. As a plant raw material it is proposed to use the herb of Rumex maritimus. Standardization is recommended for anthraquinones in terms of chrysophanic acid (at least 1.5 %).
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