Gingival retraction at the preparatory stage of orthopedic teeth restoration with fixed dental appliances is a common procedure in daily dental practice, the success of which will depend on the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment in general. Given certain shortcomings of well-known mechanical and mechano-chemical retraction techniques, the consequences of which may lead to unpredictable aesthetic results, the purpose of this work was to study changes in temperature of marginal gums around teeth at different stages of their orthopedic restoration by fixed metal-ceramic structures based on the thermography findings. The study included 54 patients aged 20 to 60 years, with partial or complete destruction of the coronal part, among whom there were 29 people (53.7%) who underwent gum retraction by diathermocoagulation, and 25 people (46.3%) who underwent retraction of the gingival groove with cotton threads "Ultrapak" (“Ultradent", USA). Measurements were performed prior the operation, during it, in 60 minutes after the completion of diathermocoagulation, and in 7 days after fixation of the cermet crown (14 days after retraction). The thermographic study showed that immediately after the procedure of diathermocoagulation retraction, the temperature of the marginal mucosa went up from 27.3° C (St.Err. 0.28) to 60.2° C (St.Err. 0.72) in the group 1, while in group 2 after mechanochemical retraction there was an increase in temperature from 27.3° C (St.Err. 0.30) to 28.9° C (St.Err. 0.3). 60 minutes after the end of the retraction, the average thermographic index in the group 1 was 28° C (St.Err. 0.28), while in group 2 it equalled to 28.1° C (St.Err.0.31). Control thermography on the 14th day after gum retraction showed a slight decrease to 27.1° C (St.Err. 0.29) in the group 1, and 26.72° C (St.Err. 0.29) in the group 2. The use of diathermocoagulation method of preparation (retraction) of abutment teeth in case of partial or complete destruction of their coronal part improves the quality of orthopedic treatment of patients by using metal-ceramic constructions of dentures. Analysis of thermodynamics in dental and periodontal tissues using the latest thermographic devices with subsequent computer processing of information obtained is of great prospects for further in-depth research.
Introduction. Studies have shown that the style of each person's activity largely depends on the type of higher nervous activity entering the structure of his temperament. The temperament of an individual is considered innate, because it is a psychic property that does not lend itself to pedagogical correction and volitional regulation. Since the type of temperament affects the overall activity of the person, the idea arose to investigate the possibility of its influence on the work of the maxillofacial apparatus of young, healthy people. The aim of the work is to analyze the degree of dependence between chewing efficiency and human temperament with the help of the proposed improved method of chewing sampling. Materials and methods. The study, in which 59 people took part, of them 27 men (45.8%) and 32 women (54.2%) aged 17-25 years, was conducted on the basis of the laboratory of the Department of Propaedeutics of Orthopedic Dentistry of the HSEEU "Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy "(Poltava). The analysis of the obtained data showed absolute numerical superiority among the surveyed representatives of two temperamental groups: 1 group - sanguine, 17 of them 10 men and 7 women; 2 group - choleric people, 24 of them 9 men and 15 women. Samples for the chewing test were colloidal mass of agar-agar in the form of cylinders with a height of 10 and a diameter of 20 millimeters. All participants did 10 conventional chewing movements to grind the samples, after which all fragments of the test material were collected, washed, dried, the information was converted into photograph and was recorded in a computer base. Results. In the sanguine group, in determining the masticatory efficiency, the total number of fragments of the test sample ranged from 140.6 to 471.3, the average area of the fragments was 91.727 - 345.175 pxl2. In the choleric group, the total number of fragments of the test sample ranged from 194 to 644, and the average size of the fragments in the choleric group fluctuated 75.15 - 191.101 pxl2. The results of the study showed that representatives of the choleric group had a large total number of fragments of the test sample and a smaller average area. An increase in the number of fragments and a decrease in their area indicate a high masticatory efficiency, and therefore a better quality of chewing food, is observed in the choleric group. In the sanguine group, there is less total number of fragments and a larger average area compared to choleric, which indicates a lower chewing efficiency and, correspondingly, worse processing of food. Hypothesis (M0) on the absence of a statistical relationship between the parameters of the chewing test and a certain type of human temperament was developed. Accordingly, the alternative hypothesis (M1) relied on the assumption of a statistical relationship between these indicators. The obtained results did not allow rejecting the null hypothesis as when comparing the values of the total number of fragments and the mean values of these fragments. But, the confidence interval (0.052) of the mean fragment area values approaches the accepted critical level of significance (p = 0.05). Conclusions. Further statistical analysis showed that the numerical index of the average area of the chewing gum fragments is more reliable to a certain type of temperament in the experienced persons, which makes it possible to consider this parameter as a sensitive marker for assessing the condition of the dentoalveolar system in normal and pathological changes, including when determining the effectiveness of the orthopedic treatment.
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