The aim: To study possibilities of prognosis of pathological wear of tooth hard tissues development depending on the functional activity of masticatory muscles. Materials and methods: In order to achieve the goal of the study, a survey of patients at the age of 19 to 69 years was conducted for precision of number of persons who have increased tooth wear. During the examination of all patients, three groups were selected: control and two researched ones. Patients in the control group (30 patients between the age of 18 and 60 years old) had an intact dentition without any visible sign of increased tooth wear. The researched groups included 25 patients aged from 18 to 60 years old. The second research group included patients who had increased tooth wear of I-III level. The children of the patients of the II group with or without any sign of increased tooth wear were referred to the third research group. Results: The method of electromyography was performed for the study of peculiarities of the muscular activity of the maxillofacial area of the patients of the control and research groups. In our opinion, all manifestations of increased tooth wear are related to changes in the muscle system, the motor apparatus and the nervous activity of an organism. Conclusions: The study of direct muscular apparatus and related bone system may predict the possibility of developing of an increased tooth wear of young patients in the future and prevent its development, as well as to justify the application of a prevention and treatment plan of the studied pathology.
Introduction: Abrasion of teeth significantly affects electromyography results. Analyzing electromyograms of patients who needs complex rehabilitation, it is necessary to note absence of dissociation of the structure, appearance of spontaneous activity in one of the muscles, presence of the prevailing chewing side, appearance of low-amplitude oscillations in biocurrents. The aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of anterior teeth in the rehabilitation of patients with increased abrasion. Material and methods: The experimental group involved patients (men and women) aged 20 to 59 years with increased abrasion of teeth I-III degrees. Patients were provided with all the necessary complexes of rehabilitation measures: direct restorations with composite materials using the adhesive system of the Vth generation (in case of light abrasion), indirect ceramic restorations (severe abrasion). All work was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and was approved by the Ethical Committee of the academy. Results: Activity of the right masseter muscle was slightly higher than that of the left one (313.42 ± 97.96 ms. against 226.69 ± 35.39 ms. respectively). At the same time the resting time of the left and right masseter muscles slightly differs (300.57 ± 30.93 ms. and 307.96 ± 49.47 ms. respectively). Conclusions: Rehabilitation of patients with increased abrasion using combined methods (direct composite restorations with the adhesive system of Vth generation and indirect ceramic restorations), give the possibility to restore the masticatory function (evidenced by an increase in the activity of right and leftmasseter muscle on 2%, a decrease in the rest phase on 20% almost and an increase in amplitude on 2.9%).
The attention of dental researchers is constantly focused on assessing the quality of treatment for various pathologies of the dentоalveolar system, determining disorders of occlusal correlations, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the temporomandibular joint and periodontal tissue pathology. Numerous studies on the above aspects contain information
The aim: To study clinical and experimental substantiation of the possibility of using cobalt-chromium and nickel-chromium alloys after repeated remelting for non-removable one-piece prosthetics. Materials and methods: Experimental studies of Remanium GM 700 and Remanium CSe dental alloys have been carried out. To study the physical and mechanical properties of alloys, samples were obtained by sequential six-fold remelting in a Tiegelschleuder TS casting dental unit manufactured by Degussa. All samples were subjected to chemical analysis and metallographic studies by methods generally known in metallurgy, which included studies of microhardness, elasticity, tensile deformation, bending deformation and alloy structure after repeated remelting. Results: Thus, the obtained results of the chemical, physicomechanical and structural properties of the remelts indicate that the Remanium GM 700 and Remanium СSe alloys can be reused many times for the manufacture of one-piece orthopedic structures in that they are identical with certified alloys. Conclusions: In terms of structure, qualitative and quantitative composition of elements, physical and technological properties, the Remanium GM 700 and Remanium CSe alloys have been repeatedly remelted meet the requirements of materials used in biologically active environments of the patient’s body. High-quality and cost-effective remelted multiple times Remanium GM 700 and Remanium CSe alloys can be recommended for use in practical prosthetic dentistry six times.
Introduction. Studies have shown that the style of each person's activity largely depends on the type of higher nervous activity entering the structure of his temperament. The temperament of an individual is considered innate, because it is a psychic property that does not lend itself to pedagogical correction and volitional regulation. Since the type of temperament affects the overall activity of the person, the idea arose to investigate the possibility of its influence on the work of the maxillofacial apparatus of young, healthy people. The aim of the work is to analyze the degree of dependence between chewing efficiency and human temperament with the help of the proposed improved method of chewing sampling. Materials and methods. The study, in which 59 people took part, of them 27 men (45.8%) and 32 women (54.2%) aged 17-25 years, was conducted on the basis of the laboratory of the Department of Propaedeutics of Orthopedic Dentistry of the HSEEU "Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy "(Poltava). The analysis of the obtained data showed absolute numerical superiority among the surveyed representatives of two temperamental groups: 1 group - sanguine, 17 of them 10 men and 7 women; 2 group - choleric people, 24 of them 9 men and 15 women. Samples for the chewing test were colloidal mass of agar-agar in the form of cylinders with a height of 10 and a diameter of 20 millimeters. All participants did 10 conventional chewing movements to grind the samples, after which all fragments of the test material were collected, washed, dried, the information was converted into photograph and was recorded in a computer base. Results. In the sanguine group, in determining the masticatory efficiency, the total number of fragments of the test sample ranged from 140.6 to 471.3, the average area of the fragments was 91.727 - 345.175 pxl2. In the choleric group, the total number of fragments of the test sample ranged from 194 to 644, and the average size of the fragments in the choleric group fluctuated 75.15 - 191.101 pxl2. The results of the study showed that representatives of the choleric group had a large total number of fragments of the test sample and a smaller average area. An increase in the number of fragments and a decrease in their area indicate a high masticatory efficiency, and therefore a better quality of chewing food, is observed in the choleric group. In the sanguine group, there is less total number of fragments and a larger average area compared to choleric, which indicates a lower chewing efficiency and, correspondingly, worse processing of food. Hypothesis (M0) on the absence of a statistical relationship between the parameters of the chewing test and a certain type of human temperament was developed. Accordingly, the alternative hypothesis (M1) relied on the assumption of a statistical relationship between these indicators. The obtained results did not allow rejecting the null hypothesis as when comparing the values of the total number of fragments and the mean values of these fragments. But, the confidence interval (0.052) of the mean fragment area values approaches the accepted critical level of significance (p = 0.05). Conclusions. Further statistical analysis showed that the numerical index of the average area of the chewing gum fragments is more reliable to a certain type of temperament in the experienced persons, which makes it possible to consider this parameter as a sensitive marker for assessing the condition of the dentoalveolar system in normal and pathological changes, including when determining the effectiveness of the orthopedic treatment.
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